Butters and oils - Lipids, amino acids - monomer of proteins, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids - biomolecules, what are biomolecules - chemical compounds essential for life, produced by organisms. AKA macromolecules, all biomolecules contain this element - carbon, monomer - the building block of a biomolecule, what is meant by a macromolecule? - large molecule, polymer - Large molecule made of many smaller, repeating monomers (repeating units), nucleotide - monomer of nucleic acids, determines how organic molecules look and function - shape or form, 4 common characteristics of proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids - 1. Carbon based 2. Formed from just a few elements 3. All have a monomer building block, Do lipids have a monomer? - Lipids aren’t defined by a single repeating structural unit but by their shared property of being insoluble in water, What elements in carbohydrates (CHO) - Carbo, hydrogen, oxygen, monosaccharides (sugars) - monomers of carbohydrates, What is a monosaccharide? - a single sugar, 3 classes of carbohydrates - Starch, glycogen, cellulose, food storage in plants - starch, food storage in animals - glycogen, elements in lipids (CHO) - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, building blocks of lipids - glycerol and fatty acids, Lipids are __ in oil, but ___in water - soluble, insoluble, Functions of proteins - 1. Enzymes & hormones 2. Provide structure 3. Transport & storage 4. Cell communication. 5. Immune system protection, additional element found in proteins (CHON) - Nitrogen, number of different amino acids - 20, DNA & RNA - nucleic acids, nucleotide - monomer of nucleic acids, 3 parts of a nucleotide - sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base, CHONP - elements in nucleic acids - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, structure of DNA - double helix/twisted ladder, nitrogen bases in DNA - adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, nitrogen bases in RNA - adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine, “Apples in the tree, cars in the garage” - mnemonic for base pairs in DNA,

Biomolecules

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