DNA - A molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes., Nucleotide - A building block of DNA, Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)1 - Nitrogen bases found in DNA, DNA Replication - The process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself., Transcription - DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA, Translation - Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced, Uracil (U) - Nitrogen base that replaces Thymine in RNAGenetic Code, Genetic Code - The information encoded within the genetic material that can be translated into a protein, Messenger RNA (mRNA) - The molecule that is transcribed into proteins, Anticodon - group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon, Transfer RNA (tRNA) - Delivers amino acids to ribosomes, replication fork - A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing. (The replication fork is half of the replication bubble.), helicase - An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication., RNA Primer - Sequence of RNA nucleotides bound to a region of single-stranded DNA to initiate DNA replication., leading strand - the strand of DNA that is continuously synthesized during replication, lagging strand - The strand that is synthesized in fragments using individual sections called Okazaki fragments, Okazaki fragments - Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication, joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand., DNA ligase - enzyme which connects the individual okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming covalent bonds, DNA Polymerase - The principle enzyme in DNA replication. It polymerizes individual nucleotides to produce DNA., Codons - A three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid., RNA Polymerase - Enzyme that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription, Promoter - Regions with specific base sequences in the DNA molecules that allow RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA molecule, Steps for transcription - Initiation, Elongation & Termination, Steps for translation - Initiation, Elongation, Termination & Disassembly, Polypeptide Chain - A group of amino acids joined together that form a protein.,

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