1) What is the function of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles? 2) Where does fertilisation take place? Give the definition of fertilisation 3) What triggers the pituitary gland to release LH, FSH and ICSH? 4) What do FSH and ICSH promote? 5) During which phase of the menstrual cycle is oestrogen produced and what does it promote? 6) What happens during ovulation and when does it normally occur? 7) What happens to the follicle in the luteal phase and which hormone does this secrete? 8) What happens if fertilisation occurs? 9) Describe the difference in fertility of males and females 10) What do drugs that stimulate ovulation do? 11) Describe two treatments for infertility and when they would be used 12) Name two chemical methods of contraception 13) What are the two different types of ultrasound and when are the carried out? 14) What are the two types of diagnostic testing which would be used to produce a karyotype and name an advantage and disadvantage for each 15) What is the post-natal screening test that is carried out and what is it used to detect 16) How are individuals who suffer from PKU treated? 17) What is meant by an autosomal chromosome? 18) Describe what is meant by incomplete dominance 19) Name two differences between arteries and veins 20) What is pressure filtration? 21) How is excess tissue fluid returned to the circulatory system? 22) How is cardiac output calculated? 23) What happens during atrial systole? 24) What happens during ventricular systole? 25) What happens during diastole? 26) What sets the rate at which the heart contracts? 27) Where in the heart are the SAN and AVN located?  28) What is used to detect the electrical impulses generated in the heart? 29) Which part of the brain regulates the SAN? 30) What is used to measure blood pressure and what is the typical blood pressure of an adult?  31) Describe the process of atherosclerosis 32) Name two diseases which can result from atherosclerosis 33) If an artery ruptures is can result in the formation of a blood clot, describe the sequence of events which leads to the formation of the clot 34) Describe the causes and effects of peripheral vascular disorders 35) Where is cholesterol found and what is it required for the production of? 36) Where in the body is most of the cholesterol synthesised? 37) What is the difference between HDL and LDL? 38) What can be done to lower blood cholesterol levels in the body? 39) What medication is prescribed to lower blood cholesterol levels and how does it work? 40) Describe the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes (think about when they occur, insulin production and treatments) 41) What is used to diagnose diabetes and how does the test work? 42) How is obesity characterised? 43) What is used to measure obesity and what is the calculation for it? 44) Why should the energy intake in the diet limit free sugars and fats? 45) Why would increasing physical activity help reduce obesity levels?

Higher Human Biology Unit 2

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