Bacterium, a single bacteria- microscopic prokaryotes (unicellular organism that does not have a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles), Flagellum, a long whiplike structure on a bacteria used for movement, Fission, cell division that forms 2 identical cells. Can occur as often as every 20 minutes., Conjugation, 2 bacteria of the same species attach to each other and combine their genetic material. DAN is transferred between the bacteria and a new combination of genes is made., Endospore, forms when a bacterium builds a thick internal wall around its chromosome and part of cytoplasm. Protects against heat, cold, or drought and allows the bacteria to remain dormant., Decomposition, the breaking down of dead organisms and organic waste, Nitrogen Fixation, the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen compounds that are usable by living things, Bioremediation, the use of organisms, such as bacteria, to clean up environmental pollution- breakdown of harmful substances into less harmful material to be used as landfill or fertilizer, Pathogen, bacteria that cause disease, Antibiotic, medicines that stop the growth and reproduction of bacteria, Pasteruization, the process of heating food to a temperature that kills most harmful bacteria. Done in a factory before going to the grocery store, 3 benefits of bacteria, help with digestion, helps break down food to make vitamin K (to help blood clot), good bacteria helps keep harmful bacteria from growing, 3 ways bacteria is harmful, can cause diseases, can cause food poisoning, and can damage tissue in your body , foods commonly pasteurized, ice cream, milk, yogurt, fruit juice, why we pasteurize foods, by properly treating or processing food and killing bacteria before food is stored or eaten, it is easier to avoid food poisoning or other illnesses, 3 things that an endospore can protect bacteria from, Protects against heat, cold, or drought and allows the bacteria to remain dormant., 3 main shapes of bacteria, round/sphere, rod-shaped, or spiral shaped, what type of cell is bacteria?, prokaryote, 2 ways bacteria reproduce, fission and conjugation, explains why viruses are NOT alive, viruses do not have characteristics of a living organism: organized, respond to stimuli, use energy, grow, and reproduce, How viruses replicate, viruses must be inside a cell to replicate- virus enters host, becomes part of host cell, takes controo of the host cell and replicates itself, why antibiotics don't work against viruses, antibiotics only work against bacteria, 3 way people can become immune to a virus, acquired immunity (been infected and recovered), natural immunity (passed from mother to child), and vaccination.

Bacteria

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