competency hearing - court proceeding to determine whether the defendant is mentally well enough to understand the charges filed against him, conspiracy - plot by two or more people to carry out an illegal or harmful act, felony-murder - unlawful homicide that occurs during the attempted commission of a felony, hate crime laws - statutes that provide for greater sanctions against those who commit crimes motivated by bias against an individual or a group based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or age, inchoate offenses - conduct deemed criminal without actual harm being done, infancy - condition that, under early American law, excused young wrongdoers of criminal behavior because presumably they could not understand the consequences of their actions, insanity - defense for criminal liability that asserts a lack of criminal responsibility due to mental instability, intoxication - defense for criminal liability in which the defendant claims that the taking of intoxicants rendered him or her unable to form the requisite intent to commit a criminal act, M'Naghten rule - common law test of criminal responsibility, derived from a case in 1843, that relies on the defendant’s inability to distinguish right from wrong, irresistible-impulse test - test for the insanity defense under which a defendant who knew his or her action was wrong may still be found insane if he or she was unable, as a result of mental deficiency, to control the urge to complete the act, substantial-capacity test - test for the insanity defense that states that a person is not responsible for criminal behavior when he or she “lacks substantial capacity” to understand that the behavior is wrong or to know how to behave properly, statutory rape - strict liability crime in which an adult engages in a sexual act with a minor,

CJ 1 Chapter 4 Vocab 3

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