____ – they provide ____ which is the source of energy for ____ ____ – the airstream produced ____ goes into the windpipe, at the top of which ____ is situated ____ – the ____ are situated there ____ – two folds of ligament and elastic tissue which may assume three major positions: the vocal folds (cords) – two folds of ____ and ____ which may assume three major positions: ____ ____ ____ they may be held tightly closed [the glottal stop ____ is produced] [____ is produced before /vovel, l,m,n/]  they may be held open ____ , ____ they may be brought sufficiently close together ____ – t____ ____ § the higher the frequency of vocal folds vibration, ____ the opening between the vocal folds is called ____ ____ – when the airstream has passed through the larynx, it enters the pharynx, ____ – its position determines whether the sound produced is oral ____ or nasal / nasalized ____ it articulates with the back of the tongue during the production of ____ the nasal cavity / nose – the sound may be further modified ____, which is another principal resonator; when the soft palate is ____, the air can escape through the ____ and thus nasal or nasalized sounds are produced ____ ____ – a resonating cavity in which the final quality of the majority of speech sounds is determined; the major articulators, including the tongue, are situated there the hard palate – it articulates with the front of the tongue during the production of ____ and ____ ____ – it is the back part of the soft palate and it shuts off the nasal cavity when ____; it also takes part in the articulation of ____ the alveolar ridge / teeth ridge – it articulates with ____ during the production of ____ and ____ the tongue ____, ____ ____, ____ ____, ____ – the major articulator which takes part in the articulation of ____; its various parts may come into contact with different regions of the roof of the mouth thus producing a variety of sounds the lips – they constitute the final obstruction to the airstream when ____ is shut off; the shape they assume affects very considerably the total shape of ____;lip position is particularly significant in the formation of ____ they are also active articulators in the production of ____ ____ ____ they may be shut or held apart in various ways (____, ____, ____, ____);

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