1) What does the digestive system do? a) The organs that break down food so that it can be used by the body b) It takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide c) Your heart, blood, and blood vessels make up this system d) These organs produce, store, and eliminate urine 2) What does the digestive tract include? a) Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lungs b) Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach c) Heart, blood, and blood vessels d) Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus 3) The liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and salivary glands: a) Are also part of the digestive system and food passes through these organs b) Are also part of the digestive system and food does not pass through these organs c) Are not part of the digestive system and food passes through these organs d) Are not part of the digestive system and food does not pass through these organs 4) Digestion is the process of breaking down food. An example of this is when a peanut butter and jelly sandwich is broken into a form that can pass through the bloodstream. What are the two types of digestion? a) Pulmonary and Systemic Digestion b) Central and Peripheral Digestion c) Mechanical and Chemical Digestion d) Salivary and Pancreatic Digestion 5) The breaking, crushing, and mashing of food is called mechanical digestion. In chemical digestion,  a) large molecules are broken down into nutrients b) large molecules are broken down into feces c) small molecules are broken down into feces d) small molecules are broken down into nutrients 6) What are the major types of nutrients? a) Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine b) Gravity, Electromagnetism, Weak Nuclear, and Strong Nuclear c) Nutrients, Proteins, and Amino Acids d) Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats 7) Substances called ___________ break some nutrients into smaller particles that the body can use. a) Scissors b) Amino acids c) Proteins d) Enzymes 8) Why do enzymes cut up chains of amino acids? a) The proteins are too large b) The proteins are not small enough c) The proteins are disrupting the process of the bloodstream d) The proteins were too peaceful 9) Where does digestion begin? a) Mouth b) Nose c) Stomach d) Esophagus 10) ___________ is important because it creates small, slippery pieces of food that are easier to swallow than big, dry pieces are and small pieces of food are easier to digest. a) Teeth b) Chewing c) Eating d) Saliva 11) What are very important organs for mechanical digestion that, with the help of strong jaw muscles, break and grind food? a) Heart b) Brain c) Teeth d) Lungs 12) The outermost layer of a tooth, the _________, is the hardest material in the body. It protects nerves and softer material inside the tooth. a) Bone b) Cartilage c) Enamel d) Tendon 13) Put the different types of teeth in this order: the sharp teeth at the front of the mouth designed to shred food, the teeth perfect for mashing food, and the teeth well suited for grinding food. a) Incisors, Canines, Premolars, Molars b) Incisors, Canine, Molars, Premolars c) Premolars, Incisors, Canines, Molars d) Incisors, Premolars, Canines, Molars 14) Saliva: a) The tube that connects the larynx to the lungs b) The area of the throat that contains the vocal cords and produces vocal sounds c) Main passageway into and out of the digestive system d) As you chew, food mixes with this; is made in salivary glands located in the mouth; contains an enzyme that begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates and changes complex carbohydrates into simple sugars 15) What does the esophagus do? a) It forces the food into the stomach b) The passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus c) A long, straight tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach d) It has an important job in respiration by helping to take oxygen from the air we breathe and put it into your lungs 16) Stomach: a) The saclike, digestive organ between the esophagus and the small intestine that breaks down food into a liquid by the action of muscles, enzymes, and acids b) Breathing is made possible by this system and is made up of the nose, throat, lungs, and passageways that leads to the lungs c) Consist of sugars, phosphates, and a base d) Helps remove carbon dioxide from the body 17) The stomach continues the mechanical digestion of your meal by squeezing the food with muscular contractions. While this squeezing is taking place, tiny glands in the the stomach produce: a) Enzymes and acid b) Diarrhea, nausea, shortness of breath, inability to concentrate, weight loss, and fatigue c) Asthma, Emphysema, Severe Acute Respiratory System (SARS) d) Heart attack, heart failure, stroke 18) A soupy mixture made as a result from combined mechanical and chemical digestion: a) Chyme b) Feces c) Fiber d) Cellulose 19) Pancreas a) The organ that lies behind the stomach and that makes digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate sugar levels b) The ways in which scientists follow steps to answer questions and solve problems c) An explanation that is based on prior scientific research or observations that can be tested d) A factor that changes in an experiment in order to test a hypothesis 20) Small Intestine a) The organ between the stomach and the large intestine where most of the breakdown of food happens and most of the nutrients from food are absorbed b) uses all four types of tissue to carry out digestion c) Works with the small and large intestines to digest food d) Made of cells that contract and relax to produce movement 21) Villi a) Fingerlike Projections; covered with tiny nutrient-absorbing cells b) A pair of elastic bands that stretch across the larynx; when air flows between these they vibrate c) When cells use oxygen to release chemical energy these are produced d) any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged 22) Liver a) The largest organ in the body; it makes bile, stores and filters blood, and stores excess sugars as glycogen b) a sac-shaped organ that stores bile produced by the liver c) The wider and shorter portion of the intestine that removes water from mostly digested food and that turns the waste into semisolid feces, or stool d) The last part of the large intestine; stores feces until they can be expelled 23) Gallbladder a) a sac-shaped organ that stores bile produced by the liver b) A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart c) A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart and contain thick walls d) Where the exchange of blood and oxygen take place in the lungs 24) The wider and shorter portion of the intestine that removes water from mostly digested food and that turns the waste into semisolid feces, or stool. a) Large Intestine b) Gallbladder c) Small Intestine d) Pancreas 25) Fiber a) A material humans cannot digest; keeps the stool soft and keeps material moving through the large intestine b) Copied every time a cell divides c) Any of the tiny air-sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged d) A type of carbohydrate that whole grains, fruits, and vegetables contain 26) Rectum a) The last part of the large intestine; stores feces until they can be expelled b) Breaks down the food you eat into nutrients c) Receives and sends electrical messages throughout your body d) Blood travels throughout your body through these hollow tubes 27) Feces pass to the outside of the body through this: a) Anus b) Small Intestine c) Large Intestine d) Rectum

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