Convergent Boundary - The boundary between two colliding plates, often associated with mountain building, ocean trenches and volcanic islands, Subduction Zone - one plate sinks under another plate, as plate sinks old crust melts- it gets RECYCLED!, Divergent Boundary - Where two plates are moving apart, magma comes up to create new crust., Ridge - The highest part of a chain of underwater mountains., Trench - A deep valley in the seafloor produced during subduction., Rift valley - a valley formed by the separation of tectonic plates at a divergent boundary, Lithosphere - The solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and a tiny bit of the mantle., Asthenosphere - The layer just under the lithosphere made of very hot rock that can slowly flow at about the rate your fingernails grow., Convection Currents - hot rock in the asthenosphere moves up, cools, then sinks in a circular motion; the FORCE that MOVES the plates., Continental Drift - Proposed by Alfred Wegener, that the continents were once joined together and have since drifted apart., Theory of Plate Tectonics - The theory that the lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere., Mountain Range - Formed by two continental plates colliding and forcing each other upwards; ex. Himalayas, Transform boundary - plates that slide past each other; causes earthquakes, Pangaea - The name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents, seafloor spreading - creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges, Evidence from earthquake and volcano data - patterns of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions show scientists where plates are interacting; the data points provide evidence of WHERE THE PLATE BOUNDARIES ARE, Evidence of continental drift - 1. Matching fossils, rock and mountains on diff. cont., climate evidence, puzzle like fit of cont., Scientists during Wegener's time did not believe his theory of Continental Drift because - Wegener could not explain or provide evidence of a force great enough to move an entire continent, Geologic activities such as volcanoes, rift valley, hot springs are due to - location on a divergent boundary; such as Iceland which is located on top of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Ring of Fire - A circle of volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean, due to the subduction of the Pacific Plate,

Plate Tectonic Flashcard Quiz Review 2023

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