1) What will most likely happen if a warm ocean current travels north or south from the equator? a) The current will become warmer, causing it to become denser and rise b) The current will become cooler, causing it to become less dense and rise c) The current will become cooler, causing it to become denser and sink d) The current will become warmer, causing it to become less dense and sink 2) Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? a) A constant sea level b) Changes in tidal patterns c) Unchanging climate for all regions d) Changes in ocean current patterns 3) Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions? a) They increase the rate of precipitation as cold water moves along coastal regions b) They move vertically pushing warm water and nutrients to the surface along coastal regions c) They can warm or cool the air temperatures along coastal regions d) They produce high and low tides along coastal regions 4) Surface currents are driven by... a) Wind patterns b) Differences in water temperature c) Differences in water salinity d) Differences in water density 5) Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by... a) Spreading plant and animal life over a wider area b) Ensuring ocean density is not the same globally c) Transferring heat to and from various regions d) Carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins 6) Which of these is a property of water which helps moderate the weather of coastal areas? a) High Heat Capacity b) Neutral pH c) Dissolves many substances d) Floats as a solid 7) Which will cause an increase in runoff and infiltration in an area? a) Drought b) Excessive Rainfall c) Digging Wells d) Contoured Farmland 8) Circulating belts of ocean currents are called... a) Gyres b) Coriolis Circulations c) Whirlpools d) Hadley Cells 9) Where would you expect to find higher levels of ocean salinity? a) Places with high amounts of evaporation, and little precipitation b) Places with high amounts of precipitation, and little evaporation c) Places that have temperatures below freezing all year round d) All ocean water has the same amount of salinity content 10) What is responsible for the presence of groundwater in an area? a) The movement of water from a confined aquifer into surface water b) The movement of surface water and precipitation through soil and rock c) The movement of surface water through impermeable rock d) The movement of water from streams and rivers to watersheds 11) A rural, forested area receives a lot of rain in a short amount of time. What would most likely cause potential flooding in this area? a) If the water level in the area is below the zone of saturation b) If the ground of the area is mostly sandy soil c) If the ground of the area is already saturated with water d) If the area has a large uncharged aquifer beneath it 12) How could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an area? a) It could increase the amount of flooding in the area b) It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area c) It could decrease the possible amount of damage to crops in the area d) It could increase the average water levels of lakes in the area 13) Which statement best describes MOST groundwater? a) Groundwater is found in underground lakes, rivers, and streams b) Groundwater is found in spaces between rocks, gravel, and sand c) Groundwater is isolated from surface water and moves in its own cycle d) Groundwater is sequestered (kept separate from) below the surface for years and decades at a time Groundwater is sequestered (kept separate from) below the surface for years and decades at a time  14) Which of these types of soil would be the least permeable? a) Gravel b) Sand c) Silt d) Clay 15) If people in an area have limited access to freshwater resources, what will most likely be the result? If people in an area have limited access to freshwater resources, what will most likely be the result? If people in an area have limited access to freshwater resources, what will most likely be the result? a) An increase in the number of aquifers supplying water to the area b) A decrease in sanitation and increase in disease in the area c) A decrease in weathering and erosion in the area d) An increase in biodiversity in the area 16) Which is the most common contamination source for freshwater resources? a) Runoff b) Digging Wells c) Glacial Melting d) Lightning 17) A community decides to upgrade its water purification and management system. What lasting impact could this have on available freshwater? a) It could cause a decrease in the demand for water b) It could cause a decrease in the water levels c) It could cause an increase in waterborne diseases d) It could cause an increase in the local supply of freshwater 18) Many variables affect the quality and quantity of water available for people to use. Which variable is LEAST controlled by human behavior? a) Groundwater depletion rate b) Water clarity c) Average precipitation rates d) Algae levels 19) How much of the world’s water is considered to be freshwater? a) 3% b) 21% c) 50% d) 75% 20) Most of the Earth’s supply of freshwater can be found ... a) Near the Equator b) As groundwater c) In glaciers and ice caps d) As surface water 21) Which sector of the economy uses the most freshwater? a) Construction b) Residential c) Agriculture d) Industry 22) Which of the following options best describes a watershed? a) Land that is drained by a septic tank b) Land that is drained by runoff c) Land that is drained by a river system d) Land that is drained by a volcano 23) The weakening of the trade winds and a warming of the surface ocean waters may indicate which of the following? a) La Nina b) El Nino c) Rising sea levels d) Global climate change 24) During periods of El Nino, what happens to the continent of Australia? a) Extreme drought b) Extreme flooding c) Landslides d) Large amounts of snowfall 25) This mountain chain acts as a “divide” causing the water from North Carolina to drain into the Atlantic Ocean, rather than the Mississippi river. a) The Rocky Mountains b) The Appalachian Mountains c) The Andes Mountains d) The Himalayas

Unit 4 Hydrology

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