Igneous Rock - Formed from the cooling of molten rock-magma or lava on Earth’s surface or underground., Metamorphic Rock - formed underground after exposure to immense heat and pressure. Rocks are changed so much they become new rocks., Sedimentary Rock - Rocks formed when the weathered sediment is cemented together., Sediment - small particles of matter broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, transported by wind,water or ice, that settles to the bottom of liquid, Strata - Sedimentary rocks typically occur in horizontal layers, Law of Superposition - Younger layers typically sit on top of older layers, Half-life - the amount of time it takes for one half life of a radioactive isotope to decay, Fossil - the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock, Intrusive - From the slow cooling and solidification of magma within the crust. (Crystals are large), Extrusive - From the fast cooling and solidification of lava on earth's surface(Crystals are small and fine grained.), Cleavage - property that allows minerals to break smoothly along specific internal planes., Fracture - property of mineral breaking in a more less random pattern with no smooth planer surfaces., Transparency - light can pass through the mineral and images can be seen clearly, Translucent - light can pass through but images cannot be seen clearly, Opaque - transmits no light, Luster - reflection of light off a minerals surface, Hardness - a measure of whether a mineral will scratch or be scratched, Protolith - original rock or parent rock that forms metamorphic rocks EX: Limestone-Marble, foliated - layering of mineral grains giving a striped or banded appearance,

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