acquired trait, A feature that is gained during an individual's lifetime, adaptation, A genetic trait that helps an organism survive in its environment, antibiotic-resistant, Some bacteria have evolved antibiotic resistance and are known as superbugs., behavioural adaptation, A behaviour or action that helps an organism survive, common ancestor, A species that two or more other species have evolved from, competition, The struggle between organisms for resources, such as food or mates, ecosystem, A collection of organisms interacting with each other and their environment, evolution, A change in the genetic traits in a population over many generations, evolutionary tree, A diagram that shows how species are related, extinction, The dying out or complete disappearance of a species, gene, A unit of genetic information, genetic diversity, The amount of genetic variation in a population, genetic trait, A feature that can be passed down by genes to the next generation, inheritance, The passing down of traits via genes from one generation to the next, mutation, A small random change in an organism's DNA, natural selection, The survival of organisms that are better adapted to their environment, physiological adaptation, An internal bodily process that helps an organism survive, population, A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place, selection pressure, A challenge that affects an organism's ability to survive and reproduce, speciation, The formation of a new species, species, A group of similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring, structural adaptation, A physical feature of the body that helps an organism survive, trait, A feature of an organism, variation, A difference in traits between individuals of the same species, dominant trait, A feature that appears when at least one allele is present, dominant allele, A version of a gene that is expressed even when only one copy is present, genotype, A pair of alleles that influence the appearance of a particular trait, recessive allele, A version of a gene that is only expressed when two copies are present, recessive trait, A feature that only appears when two alleles are present, simple inheritance, When the appearance of a trait is controlled by a single gene.

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