Phylogenetic tree, This shows the evolutionary relationships between different species , Analogous structure, Structures that share the same function but are not closely related in ancestry or structure: bird wing and dragonfly wings, Homologous structure, A structure that shows a common ancestor: human arm and bat wing, Coevolution, Two species that have a very close relationship with each other and depend on each other: bat pollinating a cactus, Convergent evolution, Evolution of 2 unrelated species in different locations that live in similar habitats and have evolved to have similar structures, Divergent evolution, When one species, due to isolation or natural selection, evolves into 2 or more species, Gene flow, Migration of alleles into or out of a population, Gene pool, All the genes/alleles in a population, Genetic drift, variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce., Natural selection, the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring., Punctuated equilibrium, the hypothesis that evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change., Speciation, The emergence of a new species, Species, A population of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable offspring, Vestigial Structure, Remnants of structures found in organisms: appendix in human, Embryology, Study of embryonic development of related species, Paleontology, Study of the fossil record, Biochemistry, Study of common nucleic acids and proteins of different species.

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