1) Fern fossils are found in Antarctica. Today, Antarctica is cold and icy all year long. What do these discoveries show about Antarctica? a) Antarctica was once visited by explorers who brought ferns. b) Antarctica was once warm and rainy. c) Antarctica has always been cold and icy. d) Antarctica receives fossils from other continents. 2) Which conclusion does the fossil record provide evidence for?  a) Environments and organisms have changed many times throughout Earth's long history. b) Throughout Earth's long history both environments and organisms have changed many times throughout Earth's long history. c) Organisms have changed many times in environments in both land and water. d) All of the above. 3) When were dinosaurs alive? a) between 400 and 1,000 years ago b) between 1,000 and 2,000 years ago c) many milions of years ago d) throughout Earth's history, but not the past 1,200 years 4) What is the value of the evidence that fossils provide? Select all that apply. a) Fossils show the kinds of plants and animals of the distant past. b) Fossils show the environments of the distant past. c) Fossils show that all animals were alive together at the same time. d) Fossils show that Earth has remained about the same over time. e) Fossils show how organisms have changed over time. 5) Which statements about Earth are supported by fossil evidence? Select all that apply. a) All animals were alive together at the same time. b) Some animals of the past are no longer alive today. c) Earth's environments have changed over time. d) Some animals of the present were not alive in the distant past. e) Animals have changed only slightly throughout Earth's history. 6) Are fossils the only evidence that dinosaurs and other ancient organisms ever existed? Why? a) Yes. Humans were not yet alive when these organisms existed. b) No. Reports in books and science journals provide additional evidence. c) No. Sculptures at museums and zoos provide additional evidence. d) Maybe. Scientists think that other types of evidence may exist. 7) Scientists have discovered many fossils of trilobites, a type of sea animal. Could scientists study other evidence to learn more about trilobites? a) No. Trilobites went extinct long before humans lived. b) No. Living trilobites are too active to study. c) Yes. Scientists could study living trilobites instead. d) Yes. Scientists could study photographs or drawings of trilobites. 8) A team of scientists writes a report about a fossil dig. The team concludes that the fossils came from a warm, rainy environment. Which evidence would most strongly support this conclusion? a) The dig site has a warm, rainy climate today. b) Tree roots were found in the upper soil at the dig site. c) The fossils were warm and damp when they were discovered. d) Several fern fossils were discovered at the dig site. 9) How could an imprint fossil form? a) Plant leaves were pressed into hardening sediment. b) A bone was gradually replaced with rock. c) An insect was trapped in tree sap. d) The body of a snail rotted away, and minerals filled the empty space. 10) How could a cast fossil form? a) A bone was gradually replaced with rock. b) An insect was trapped in tree sap. c) The body of a snail rotted away, and minerals filled the empty space. d) Plant leaves were pressed into hardening sediment. 11) How quickly must these changes occur for a fossil to form and be discovered? An organism dies and is buried in sediment. a) slow b) fast 12) How quickly must these changes occur for a fossil to form and be discovered? Minerals replace parts of the organism. a) slow b) fast 13) How quickly must these changes occur for a fossil to form and be discovered? Pressure and heat change the minerals into rock. a) slow b) fast 14) How quickly must these changes occur for a fossil to form and be discovered? The fossil is discovered and removed from the ground. a) slow b) fast 15) What type of ancient environment would the fossils of - dinosaurs, ferns, and small mammals - be from? a) cold forest b) wet, swampy forest c) ancient oceans 16) What type of ancient environment would the fossils of - mastodons, woolly mammoths, and other large mammals - be from? a) cold forest b) wet, swampy forest c) ancient oceans 17) What type of ancient environment would the fossils of - fish, corals, clams, sponges, squids - be from? a) cold forest b) wet, swampy forest c) ancient oceans

3.19 Science Quiz - Fossils

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