Beam - Heavy pieces of lumber that lie across the walls (usually) and serve to support the area above an opening and the ceiling joists, Bird's Mouth - A triangular section cut from the bottom edge of a rafter so that it will rest securely and at the proper angle on the plate of a wall., Blocking - Lumber placed in a wall so that another wall can be nailed to it., Brace - Lumber used to give support and additional strength to another piece of lumber., Cap Plate - A principal piece of lumber that strengthens the top of a wall, allows one wall to tie to another, and serves as a junction., Channel and Corners - An arrangement of lumber used at the corner of a wall or along its interior so that adjoining walls can be attached and nailed., Cripples - Stud-size lumber cut in proper lengths and used as a support between the top plate and door or window header and between the window sill and sole plate., Fascia Board - Lumber nailed to the ends of the top chords of the trusses and rafters to give a finished look to the roof., Fireblock - Stud-size lumber used between studs in a wall to eliminate upward draft, thereby choking a fire that might start in a wall., Girder - A large or principal beam of steel, reinforced concrete, or lumber used to support concentrated loads at isolated points along its length., Gussets - Connectors used to bind together truss chords and webs at the joints. They can be made out of wood or metal., Header - Heavy lumber used to support the area above an opening. Headers are used above window and door openings., Joists - Lumber laid parallel from wall to wall in a building that supports the ceiling or the floor., Let-In-Brace - Diagonal lumber put into a wall so the wall will be stable and remain square., Rafter - A piece of lumber that extends from the cap plate of a building and serves to give slope and support to the covering of the roof., Ridge Board - A longitudinal member at the apex of a roof which supports the upper ends of the rafters., Sheathing - The covering (usually plywood or particle board) placed over exterior studding or rafter of a building., Sill - 2x4 lumber that serves as the bottom of the opening for a window., Sole Plate - A principal piece of lumber that serves as the bottom of a wall and to which studs, trimmers, and cripples are nailed., Stud - 2x4 lumber used to support and connect the sole plate and top plates., Subfloor - A rough floor (usually plywood or particle board) laid on joists, which serves as a base for the finished floor., King Studs - A good straight stud to which headers are nailed., Toe Nailing - Driving a nail at an angle through two pieces of wood., Top Plate - A principal piece of lumber that serves as the top of the wall and to which studs and cripples are nailed., Trimmers - 2x4 lumber used to support door and window headers and window sills., Truss - A framework made up of lumber members called chords and webs which form a light, strong, and rigid structure., Truss Chord - 2x4 lumber used to make the top and bottom chords of a truss., Truss Web - The internal 2x4 lumber of the triangulated truss which gives support and strength to the truss.,

Architecture

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