1) What is inertia? a) The force that pulls objects together b) The tendency of an object to stay in motion or rest c) The force that pushes objects apart d) The speed of an object 2) What happens to an object moving in space if no forces act on it? a) It stops moving b) It moves in a straight line at constant speed c) It speeds up over time d) It slows down over time 3) What two forces work together to keep planets moving in orbit? a) Gravity and friction b) Magnetism and inertia c) Electricity and gravity d) Gravity and inertia 4) Which force pulls objects toward each other? a) Inertia b) Magnetism c) Gravity d) Wind 5) What causes an object to keep moving forward in space? a) Gravity b) Inertia c) Friction d) Magnetism 6) What happens to gravity if two objects move farther apart? a) It gets stronger b) It stays the same c) It gets weaker d) It disappears 7) What would happen to Earth if the Sun’s gravity suddenly disappeared? a) Earth would move away in a straight line b) Earth would stop moving c) Earth would fall into the Sun d) Earth would move closer to the Sun 8) What is the direction of the gravitational force between two objects? a) Away from each other b) Toward each other c) Sideways d) Random 9) What does inertia cause an object to do? a) Change direction b) Keep moving in the same direction c) Stop moving d) Fall down 10) Gravity gets weaker when: a) Objects get closer b) Objects spin faster c) Objects get heavier d) Objects get farther apart 11) What would happen to planets if they no longer had inertia? a) Planets would stay still b) Planets would fall into the Sun c) Planets would fly off into space d) Planets would never move 12) What force causes the planets to orbit the Sun instead of flying off? a) Inertia b) Friction c) Gravity d) Magnetism 13) In the diagram of the ball on a string, what does the ball’s forward motion represent? a) Gravity pulling inward b) Inertia carrying the ball forward c) The ball slowing down d) The string breaking 14) The model below shows a spacecraft orbiting Earth. If the spacecraft’s speed decreases, what will likely happen to its orbit? a) It will move to a higher orbit b) It will move away from Earth c) It will stop moving d) It will fall toward Earth 15) How does increasing the distance between two objects affect gravitational force and orbital speed? a) Gravity decreases and orbital speed decreases b) Gravity increases and orbital speed increases c) Gravity decreases and orbital speed increases d) Gravity stays the same and orbital speed decreases 16) Given a planet orbiting a star, explain what would happen if the planet’s inertia suddenly stopped. a) The planet would continue orbiting normally b) The planet would fall straight into the star due to gravity c) The planet would fly off into space d) The planet’s orbit would speed up 17) What effect does inertia have on objects in space that are not influenced by gravity? a) They fall toward the nearest planet b) They slow down and stop c) They spin faster d) They move in straight lines at constant speed 18) If the Sun’s gravity were weaker, what would happen to Earth’s orbit? a) Earth would move closer to the Sun b) Earth would move farther from the Sun c) Earth would stop orbiting d) Nothing would change 19) How does inertia affect an asteroid moving through space? a) Causes it to stop b) Keeps it moving in the same direction c) Pulls it toward the Sun d) Makes it spin faster 20) A planet’s orbit is caused by the balance of what two forces? a) Friction pulling inward and gravity pulling in a straight line forward b) Gravity pushing outward and inertia pulling in a straight line forward c) Gravity pulling inward and inertia pulling outward d) Magnetism pushing in a straight line forward and electricity pulling inward pulling inward 21) In the diagram of a planet orbiting a star, if the planet’s inertia increases but gravity stays the same, what happens to the orbit? a) The orbit becomes smaller b) The planet moves faster and the orbit becomes larger c) The planet falls into the star d) The planet stops orbiting and flies off into space 22) The diagram shows a planet orbiting a star with the orbit path marked. The planet’s velocity arrow touches the orbit path and extends in a straight line. What does this velocity vector represent? a) The direction of gravity’s pull b) The planet’s inertia carrying it forward c) The friction slowing the planet d) The magnetic force 23) In the model of a comet orbiting the Sun, arrows show that the comet speeds up near the Sun and slows down farther away. What causes the comet to change speed this way? a) Gravity is stronger when the comet is closer to the Sun b) Gravity is weaker when the comet is closer to the Sun c) Gravity is stronger when the comet is further from the Sun d) Wind pushing the comet farther away from the sun

Planetary Orbits Practice

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