Artificial selection - the intentional breeding of plants or animals to produce desirable traits. It can increase diversity by creating new variants and also decrease diversity by eliminating other variants., mold fossil - leaves a impression, cast fossil - fills in the impression , true form fossil - a actual fossil of a animal or animal part, trace fossil - traces of life that are not organisms parts, Paleontologist  - people who study fossils, sedimentary rock - rocks that get pressed together, Igneous rock - formed by molten rock, Metaphoric rock - when sedimentary and igneous rock are exposed to extreme heat, Absolute-age dating - A rock’s absolute age is its age in years., radioactive decay - unstable isotopes in rocks change into stable isotopes over time., Geologic Column - Rock layers in a vertical timeline, Fossilization - The process of an organism or trace becoming a fossil., Relative dating - Compares the ages of sedimentary rock layers - younger vs. older, Fossil record - A record of all the fossils ever found on Earth, Evolution - a population’s gradual change in inheritable traits over time., Natural selection - that species change over time because organisms with traits well suited to their environments have greater success surviving and reproducing., Charles Darwin - His theory of evolution by natural selection changed the way we understood the diversity of life., Genetic variations - There are differences among individuals within the same species., Overproduction - If a species produces more offspring than the environment can support, Competition - Since resources such as food, water, and space are limited, offspring must compete for the resources for survival., Adaptation - an inherited trait that improves the survival of a species., HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES - body parts of organisms that are similar in structure and position (ex. bone arrangements) but differ in function, ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES - body parts that perform a similar function but differ in structure (not evidence of a close common ancestor), VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES - body parts that have lost their original function through evolution, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY ON E - Embryology(study how embryos develop before birth) , DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY ON P - Pharyngeal pouches (all vertebrate embryos have one at one stage of development,, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - comparing DNA sequences to see how closely related organisms are,

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