Pharmacognosy - A branch of study focusing on medicines from natural sources., Historical significance - Uses knowledge from ancient medicinal practices, Plant-based medicine - A primary area of study within Pharmacognosy., Modern applications of Pharmacognosy - Examines both traditional and modern drug development., Air Drying - Uses ambient air to dry plant materials, a slow and simple method., Sun Drying - Uses direct sunlight to dry the plant material quickly., Freeze Drying (Lyophilization) - Involves freezing the material and sublimating the water content., Oven Drying - Uses controlled heat to dry plant material quickly., Vacuum Drying - Uses reduced pressure to lower the boiling point of water., Plant Selection and Collection - The first step in identifying potential medicinal properties of a plant, Phytochemical screening - Identifies and classifies chemical constituents in plant extracts, Bioactivity Testing - Assesses pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial or antioxidant effects, Extraction - Obtains bioactive compounds using solvents such as ethanol or methanol, Quality Control and Standardization - Ensures reproducibility of results by quantifying active compounds, Hypothesis - A statement predicting the outcome based on previous research and literature, Sampling - Determining sample size for reliable results, Data Collection - Gathering quantitative or qualitative data, Study Objectives - Clearly defined goals for the research, Statistical Analysis - Uses tests like ANOVA or t-tests to analyze data, Aloe - Purgative,

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