1) DNA is made up of several key components that form its structure. Which of the following correctly identifies these components? a) Lipids, consisting of fatty acids and glycerol b) Amino Acids, consisting of carboxyl group, an amine group and a side chain c) Nucleotides consisting of monosaccharides, polysaccharide, and a nitrogenous base d) Nucleotides, consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base 2) Most of our physical traits are inherited from our parents. How does DNA affect our traits? a) Helps identify biological relationships and aids in solving crimes b) serves as the blueprint of life, carrying essential instructions for all living organisms c) plays a key role in understanding mutations and ghe inheritance of traits d) functions as a double stranded, helically coiled molecule composed of nucleotides in chromosomes 3) In non-Mendelian inheritance, what is the pattern called when neither allele is dominant, resulting in both traits being expressed simultaneously in a heterozygous individual? a) Incomplete dominance b) sex-linked traits c) multiple allele d) codominance 4) On a farm, ducks, geese, and seagulls all live together, sharing the same space and resources. Considering the different species present and how they interact within this environment, which term best describes the nature of their relationship? a) Community b) Biodiversity c) Population d) Species  5) Suppose you are observing a group of carabaos together in a forest. All these carabaos belong to the same species and share the same environment. What term best describes this group of carabao living in a particular place? a) Ecosystem b) Population c) Community d) Habitat 6) Population sizes vary among organisms. Which of the following is considered an environmental condition that keeps a population from increasing in size and helps balance ecosystems? a) Carrying Capacity b) High index of diversity  c) Limiting Factors d) Low index of diversity  7) Which pertains to the largest number of individuals in a species that an environment sustains for a long period of time? a) Limiting factor b) Carrying Capacity c) Biodiversity d) Population Diversity  8) Which could you infer about an ecosystem with high species diversity? a) It food webs are relatively simple b) It has a greater number of successful species and a more stable ecosystem c) The change in the environment would probably have quite serious effects on it d) The environment is quite stressful 9) Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to an increase in a population density within a given area? a) Limited space and higher birth rate b) limited food supply and diseases c) Higher death rate due to a calamity d) presence of a greater area for organisms to live 10) Imagine a forest ecosystem where a certain species of deer is rapidly increasing in population. As the number of deer grows, the availability of food and resources declines. To maintain balance within the ecosystem, which environmental condition is most likely to limit the deer population and help restore equilibrium? a) High index of diversity b) Carrying Capacity c) Limiting factor d) Low index of diversity  11) Chloroplast is a structure directly involved in photosynthesis. Identify the layer of the cross-section of the leaf that contains the greatest number of chloroplasts. a) Lower epidermis b) Palisade mesophyll c) Spongy meso6 d) Upper epidermis  12) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are processes that provide energy for life. Which of the following is produced by both? a) Oxygen b) Glucose c) Carbon dioxide d) ATP

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