What is the primary function of the urinary system?, To absorb nutrients from food, To filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product, To regulate body temperature, To produce oxygen for red blood cells, Which organ is NOT part of the urinary system?, Renal pelvis, Gallbladder, Bladder, Urethra, What is "urea"?, A liquid waste eliminated by the body, produced when protein-containing foods are broken down, A hormone that regulates blood pressure, A type of nutrient used for muscle growth, A chemical that keeps sodium in balance, Besides filtering waste, what is another important function of the kidneys?, Storing urine for 2 to 5 hours, Producing white blood cells, Regulating blood pressure and producing erythropoietin, Absorbing nutrients from bowel movements, What is the role of the hormone erythropoietin?, It regulates the acid-base balance, It controls red blood cell production in the bone marrow, It forces urine downward through the ureters, It alerts a person when it is time to urinate, Where are the two kidneys located?, In the lower abdomen, held in place by pelvic bones, Above the ribs toward the shoulders, Below the ribs toward the middle of the back, Next to the bladder in the pelvic region, What are the tiny filtering units inside the kidneys called?, Ureters, Trigones, Sphincters, Nephrons, A nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood capillaries, called a ________, and a small tube called a ________., Glomerulus; renal tubule, Renal pelvis; ureter, Trigone; posterior wall, Sphincter; urethra, What prevents urine from backing up and causing a kidney infection?, The expansion of the bladder walls, The brain signaling the sphincter to relax, Continuous tightening and relaxing of muscles in the ureter walls, The tight closing of the sphincter muscles, How often do the ureters empty small amounts of urine into the bladder?, Every 10 to 15 seconds, Every 2 to 5 hours, Every 30 to 45 seconds, Every minute, How much urine can a typical healthy adult bladder store, and for how long?, Up to one cup for 1 to 2 hours, Up to two cups for 2 to 5 hours, Up to four cups for 5 to 8 hours, Up to half a cup for 10 to 15 minutes, Which of the following is the triangle-shaped region near the junction of the urethra and the bladder?, The Dome, The Posterior wall, The Trigone, The Right lateral wall, What is the function of the two sphincter muscles?, They alert the brain when the bladder is full, They filter urea from the bloodstream, They help keep urine from leaking by closing tightly like a rubber band, They carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, What occurs to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra?, The brain signals bladder muscles to relax and sphincters to tighten, The brain signals bladder muscles to tighten and sphincters to relax, The ureter muscles stop contracting completely, The trigone expands to block the kidney connection, According to the text, what does dark yellow or honey-colored urine indicate?, A liver problem, Normal, healthy hydration, Presence of blood in the urine, That you need more water

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