Management, The process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people and other organizational resources., Manager, An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks, or a certain area or department of a business., Chief Executive Officer, The most senior manager responsible for the overall performance and success of the company., Planning, A management function that includes anticipating trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational goals and objectives., Organizing, A management function that includes designing the structure of the organization and creating conditions and systems in which everyone and everything work together to achieve the organization’s goals and objectives., Leading, Creating a vision for the organization and guiding, training, coaching, and motivating others to work effectively to achieve the organization’s goals and objectives., Controlling, A management function that involves establishing clear standards to determine whether or not an organization is progressing toward its goals and objectives, rewarding people for doing a good job, and taking corrective action if they are not., Coordinating, Harmonizing and connecting all separate activities, workflows, and departments to ensure they work smoothly together toward the common goal without conflicts., Commanding, Guiding, supervising, and motivating employees to carry out their daily work effectively while keeping team morale high., Motivation, Factors that influence the behavior of workers towards achieving business goals. Motivation can be increased by: Monetary rewards, Non-monetary rewards, Introducing ways to give job satisfaction, Job satisfaction, The enjoyment a worker gets from feeling that they have done a good job. These are three ways to motivate workers to be more committed to their jobs and work more efficiently., Job rotation, swapping workers round and only doing a specific task for a limited time before swapping round again., Job enlargement, extra tasks are added to the job to make it more interesting., Job enrichment, adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility., Theory X, The average person does not like work. Workers must be constantly supervised so they will work. Motivation is from external factors., Theory Y, The average person is motivated by internal factors. To motivate workers, you need to find ways to help workers take an interest in their work., Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Five categories: Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love and belonging needs, Esteem needs, Self-actualization needs., Frederick Herzberg’s motivation theory, Two sets of needs: Hygiene factors or needs, Motivational needs - motivators, Hygiene factors, That factors that must be present in the workplace to prevent job dissatisfaction, Glocalization, Is a combination of the words “globalization” and “localization”. The term is used to describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally but is also adjusted to accommodate the user or consumer in a local market., Culture, Is defined as the complex system of values, traits, morals and customs shared by a society., Context, Refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambience surrounding an event., Linear-active cultures, Core approach: Task-oriented, logical, and methodical. Working style: People do one thing at a time, follow schedules strictly, respect rules and procedures, and separate the professional from the personal. Communication: Direct, factual, and restrained; they dislike losing face and rarely interrupt others., Multi-active cultures, Core approach: People-oriented, emotional, and flexible. Working style: People do many things at once, treat time as fluid or negotiable, and prioritize personal relationships and feelings over rigid schedules. Communication: Expressive, loud, and enthusiastic; interrupting is often a sign of involvement rather than rudeness., Reactive cultures, Core approach: Respectful, introverted, and courtesy-driven. Working style: People rarely initiate action or discussion first; they listen attentively, observe, and adapt to others. Communication: Indirect, polite, and non-confrontational; they value silence, reflection, and harmonious, face-saving agreements., High-context culture, Is a culture by which the rules of communication are primarily and dominantly transmitted through the use of contextual elements. These include specific forms of body language, the social or familial status of an individual, and the tone of voice employed during speech. High-context cultures usually do not have rules that are explicitly written or stated., Low-context culture, Refers to a culture whereby most communications take place through verbal language and rules, Power distance, Is the distribution of power among individuals within a culture and how well unequal levels of power are accepted by those with less power.

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