Population - group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area, Evolution - change in the gene pool over time, Non-Random Mating - The gene pool can be changed by charcteristics which make an individual more or less likely to mate., Mutations - random changes in the gene pool, Adaptations - characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular enviroment, Microevolution - is a small change in the gene frequency within a population over a short period of time, Macroevolution - Large scale changes in evolution over a larger period of time, Charles Darwin - Developed a hypothesis, which eventually became a theory, of how evolution takes place, Species - a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring, Variations - the occurrence of hereditary or nonhereditary differences between different individual of population, Natural selection - the process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more successfully than other organisms do, 4 parts of natural selections - overproduction, genetic variation, selection, adaptation, Overproduction - producing more offspring than the environment can support, Genetic variation - naturally occurring differences in traits within a species, Extinction - when all members of a species have died, causes of extinction - greater competition, new predators, loss of habitat, natural disasters, Fossils - remains or imprints of once living things, Evidence of evolution - fossils and the fossil record, comparative structures, DNA, embryology, fossil record - all of the fossils that have been discovered, relative dating - determines whether a fossil formed before or after another fossil, absolute dating - estimates the age of a fossil in years., Homologous structures - are structures that are similar in related organisms because they were inherited from a common ancestor., Analogous structures - are structures that are similar in unrelated organisms., vestigial structures - Structures that are remnants of important features that are no longer needed., Embryology - the study of development, Coevolution - when two species evolve together, each one making changes in response to the other, Geographic speciation - when a species is separated by a landform such as mountains, resulting in 2 new species,

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