light - the most familiar type of electromagnetic wave, range - only a narrow range of electromagnetic waves are detectable by the human eye (set of values from least to greatest), luminous - an object that produces light, the sun - the earth's major source of visible light, other sources of light include light bulbs and fire, spectrum - range of wavelengths/visible light, infared - wave shorter than microwave but longer than light wave, thermal energy occurs, ultraviolet - wave with slightly shorter wavelength and frequency than light, x rays - higher frequency than ultraviolet, enough energy to pass through skin and muscle, but denser bone can stop them, gamma - produced by vibrations within the nucleus of an atom, the highest frequency and shortest wavelength of any wave on the electromagnetic spectrum produced by radioactive waves and nuclear reactions,  transparent - a material that allows light to pass through, and through which things are seen clearly, translucent - a material that allows light to pass through, but through which objects appear blurry, intensity - the amount of energy that passes through a square meter in a second, opaque - a material through which light does not pass, scattering of light - wavelengths of light are scattered in the earth's atmosphere, certain wavelengths are shorter than others, refraction of light - the bending or changing of light determines what colors will appear in the sky, vision - the ability to see how light from luminous objects travel from the object to the viewer, optic nerve - carries signals to the brain about the images you see, cornea - protects the eye, focuses light onto the retina, iris - the colored part of the eye, pupil - the black center of the eye, will widen or get smaller depending on the visible light, lens - located behind the pupil, also helps focus light on the retina, cone cells - responds to colored light, located in the retina, rod cells - responds to dim light, located in the retina, sound waves - vibrations the ear can detect, compression - the region of the longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together, rarefraction - the region of the longitudinal wave where the particles are farthest apart, pitch - the perception of how high or low a sound is, the higher the frequency, the higher the ______, amplitude - the distance a vibrating particle moves from its next position, decibel (dB) - the unit used to measure sound intensity,

Light and Sound

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