Simple Random Sampling - (1 of the 6) names in hat or computer generated, Stratified Proportionate Sampling - (2 of the 6) Proportioned sampling of smaller groups at random, Stratified Disportionate Sampling - (2 of the 6), Cluster Sampling or Multi-Stage Sampling - (3 of the 6) Researchers divide a population into smaller groups known as clusters. They then randomly select among these clusters to form a sample, Systematic Sampling - (4 of the 6) Take every X number of people (every 5th person), Double Sampling - (5 of the 6) , Voluntary Response Sampling - (6 of the 6) Voluntary Participation, Convenience or Accidental Sample - (1 of the 3) Participants are selected based on availability and willingness to take part. Prone to Significant Bias., Purposive (Judgement) Sampling - (2 of the 3) This technique relies on the judgement of the researcher when choosing who to ask to participate. Subject to significant bias as researcher may choose participant to suit their hypothesis., Quota Sample - (1 of the 3) Interviewers are given a quota of subjects of a specified type to attempt to recruit. For example, an interviewer might be told to go out and select 20 adult men, 20 adult women, 10 teenage girls and 10 teenage boys so that they could interview them about their television viewing, Levels of Measurement (NOIR) - Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio, Nominal - name, category, no order to the names, Ordinal - order, putting things in order (finishing position in a foot race), Interval - order plus equal spaces or distances in the measurements. Used for correlation, t tests and anovas., Ratio - internal data plus a true (actual?) zero point!!! I.e. test score, bank balance, etc. Used for correlation, t tests and anovas, Empirical - testable or observable, How to Identify Research Design - 1)Independent Variable 2) Groups 3)Dependent Variable 4) Rs or dotted lines 5)Name design, Continuous-Time Sampling - (Observations) Strong on detail but weak on number of observations, Time Point Sampling - (Observations) 15 second intervals with 4 distinct sections. Adv: logical system. Dis: missing stuff, Time Interval Sampling - (Observations) 15 second intervals, 4 behaviours, Did any of the 4 behaviours occur during interval (yes/no), 3 x 2 x 4 - 3 independent variables, 1st has 3 groups, 2nd has 2 groups, last has 4 groups, Statistically Significant - P score of less than 0.5  or less than or equal to 95%. The smaller the number the higher the significance,

General Research Knowledge

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