Jamestown - The first successful British settlement in North America. Succeeded because of strong leadership of John Smith and learning from the Powhatan people., Joint Stock Company - A company in which investors buy stock in return for a share of its future profits. The Virginia Company is an example of one and it helped build the Virginia colony., Royal Colony - Colonies in the New World that were governed by people appointed by the King.  New York is an example of one., Proprietor - Someone who is given land and authority to rule a colony. Serves like royalty or dictator of that colony. William Penn was one for the Pennsylvania colony., Pilgrims - A group of Separatists moving to America for religious freedom. Meant to travel to Virginia but headed off course and landed in Massachusetts, Quakers - A religious group that founded the Pennsylvania colony because they were being persecuted in England. They believed that everyone was equal and should follow their inner light versus a religious leader. They were also pacifists (people who refuse to use force or fight in wars). , Indentured Servants - A laborer who agrees to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America. Many of them served as labor in the Southern Colonies. , Subsistence Farmers - Farmers who produced enough crop to just meet the needs of their families and who have little left over to sell or trade. The opposite are cash crops. In cash crops there is enough to sell in markets and overseas. , Patroons - Landowners who were offered large plots of land by the Dutch West India Company to anyone who would brought an additional 50 settlers to work the land in New Netherland. They ruled like kings and had their own courts and laws. It was a way for the Dutch to try to populate and grow their territory., Headrights - Is land grant offered by the Virginia Company to encourage settlers to come to the new settlement. It helped Virginia to success because it lured settlers to Virginia for land and then encouraged them to work hard to make it successful., House of Burgesses - Was the first legislature in North America elected by the people. Occurred in the Virginia colony where colonists were allowed to elect burgesses to make their laws., Mayflower Compact - The document signed by the Pilgrims while on the Mayflower. This document set up an organized, orderly government. It was a first example of representative, democratic government, Constitution - A plan that outlines the jobs and powers of a colony. Lists the laws to support the government. Carolina colony had a constitution. , Bacon's Rebellion - An attack led by Nathaniel Bacon to protest the decision by the Virginia governor to not allow settlers. to creep into Native American lands. Although it failed, it showed that the government could not ignore the wishes and demands of its people., King Phillip's War - A war the developed between Native peoples and settlers who were moving onto Native American land without permission or payment. The war raged for 14 months and in the end, the colonists defeated the Wampanoag. Marked a deterioration of relationships between settlers and Native persons. , Squanto - A Native American who taught the Pilgrims how to grow corn and other crops and to hunt and fish. Without his help, the Pilgrims may not have survived the more brutal climate of the New England area. Encouraged peace between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag people. , William Penn - Was a Quaker and the proprietor of Pennsylvania. He designed Philadelphia. He believed that the land belonged to the Native Americans and felt that settlers should pay them for the land. He negotiated treaties with the local Native Americans., James Oglethorpe - Founder of the colony of Georgia. He set up forts to block any Spanish attacks. Many settlers to Georgia were debtors or poor people in search of a fresh start. His colony failed and Georgia became a Royal colony. , Roger Williams - Founded the colony of Rhode Island. He felt that government should not force people to worship in a certain way like Massachusetts was doing. Also believed that it was wrong for settlers to take land away from the Native Americans., Mason & Dixon - Two men hired to map the boundary between the Maryland and Pennsylvania colonies. For years, these two colonies fought over where one ended and the other began., Motives for coming to the Colonies - Religious Freedom, Economic Opportunities, Adventure, Social Opportunities,

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