Static routing, involves manually configuring routers with specific paths to reach network destinations, Border gateway protocol (BGP), Essential for inter-domain routing on the internet. Uses path attributes to select the best route., Enhanced interior Gateway routing protocol (EIGRP, Enhanced distance-vector protocol. Combines features of distance- vector and link-state protocols., Open shortest path first (OSPF), Link-state routing protocol. Fast convergence and supports large networks., route selection, process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic., administrative distance, metric used by routers to rank the trustworthiness of routes received from different routing protocols., prefix length, specifies the number of contiguous bits of the network mask that are set to 1., Metric, used by routing protocols to evaluate the cost of path traversal, NAT, translates one IP address to another IP address, Port address translation (PAT, often referred to as NAT overload, allows multiple devices on a local network to be mapped to a single public IP address but with a different port number for each session., First hop redundancy protocol (FHRP), set of protocols that create a virtual router from multiple physical routers to provide redundancy and failover for a network's default gateway, Virtual IP (VIP), IP address that is not tied to a specific physical network interface, Subinterfaces, is a virtual interface created by dividing a single physical interface into multiple logical interfaces., Dynamic routing, a networking technique where routers automatically learn and update the best paths for data to travel without manual intervention by a network administrator. It uses routing protocols to exchange information, allowing routers to adapt to changes like network congestion or link failures by rerouting traffic

2.1 routing technologies

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