What is pollination? - Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower., What are pollinators? - Pollinators are animals or agents like insects, wind, and water that help in carrying pollen from one flower to another., Name two insects that help in pollination. - Bees and butterflies., What is cross-pollination? - Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same kind., What is self-pollination? - Self-pollination is when the pollen from a flower reaches the stigma of the same flower., Why are insects attracted to flowers? - Insects are attracted by the flower’s bright colours, scent, and nectar., How does wind help in pollination? - Wind carries light and powdery pollen from one flower to another., What is the role of petals in pollination? - Petals attract pollinators with their colour and smell., Why do some flowers have a sweet smell? - To attract insects for pollination., What happens after pollination? - The pollen reaches the stigma and develops into a seed., Name the main parts of a flower. - Sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil., What is the stamen? - Stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower., Name the two parts of a stamen. - Anther and filament., What is the pistil? - Pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower., Name the three parts of a pistil. - Name the three parts of a pistil., What is found inside the ovary? - Ovules., Which part of the flower produces pollen grains? - The anther (male part)., Which part receives pollen? - The stigma (female part)., What is a male gamete? - A male gamete is the pollen grain that helps in fertilization., What is a female gamete? - A female gamete is the ovule inside the ovary., Where does fertilization occur? - Inside the ovary of the flower., What is fertilisation? - Fertilization is the process where the male gamete (pollen) fuses with the female gamete (ovule), What is a zygote? - A zygote is the cell formed after fertilization., What does a zygote grow into? - The zygote grows into a seed., What are unisexual flowers? - Flowers that have either male or female reproductive parts, but not both., Give one example of a unisexual flower. - Papaya or watermelon., What are bisexual flowers? - Flowers that have both male and female reproductive parts in the same flower., Give one example of a bisexual flower. - Hibiscus or rose., What is seed germination? - Germination is the process by which a seed grows into a new plant., What conditions are needed for germination? - Air, water, and warmth., What comes out first from a germinating seed? - The root (radicle)., What comes out after the root? - The shoot (plumule)., What is a seed coat? - The outer covering of the seed that protects it., What is a seedling? - A young plant that grows from a seed., What is a monocot seed? - A seed that has one cotyledon., Give one example of a monocot seed. - Maize or rice., What is a dicot seed? - A seed that has two cotyledons, Give one example of a dicot seed. - Bean or pea., In which type of seed are cotyledons thick and fleshy? - Dicot seeds., What is seed dispersal? - The spreading of seeds away from the parent plant., Why is seed dispersal important? - To avoid overcrowding and allow plants to grow in new places., Which seeds are dispersed by wind? - Light and hairy seeds like dandelion and cotton., Which seeds are dispersed by water? - Seeds that float—like coconut., Which fruits are dispersed by animals? - Fruits with hooks or spines like burdock., What are Kharif crops? - Crops grown in the rainy season (June–October)., Give two examples of Kharif crops. - Rice and maize., What are Rabi crops? - Crops grown in the winter season (November–April)., Give two examples of Rabi crops. - Wheat and mustard., What are Zaid crops? - Crops grown in the summer season (April–June)., Give two examples of Zaid crops. - Cucumber and watermelon., What is vegetative reproduction? - Vegetative reproduction is a method of growing new plants from parts like roots, stems, or leaves instead of seeds., Give one example of a plant that reproduces through stem cutting. - Rose or money plant., Which part of the potato helps it in vegetative reproduction? - The stem tuber with eyes (buds)., Name a plant that can grow from a leaf. - Bryophyllum., What are industrial crops? - Crops used in factories to make products like sugar, rubber, cloth, or medicine., Give two examples of industrial crops. - Cotton and jute, Name the three things needed for germination. - Air, water, and warmth., What is a seedling? - A small young plant that comes out of the seed during germination., Name one plant that grows from spores instead of seeds. - Fern or mushroom., What is the baby plant inside a seed called? - Embryo.,

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