How can we express that something is necessary, required or what we are obliged to do? Look at the examples to figure out: You must wear a seat belt at all times.  We’ve got to win this game. You have to wear a seat belt at all times. I must/need to/have to go home soon. , use 'must', 'need to', 'have to' or 'have got to' , What do we use to express what we are obliged NOT to do? Look at the examples: We mustn’t be late., mustn’t or must not , What's more informal - 'have to' or 'have got to'? You have to wear a seat belt at all times. Do we have to wear a tie? I’ve got to work late., have got to, What is the past tense of 'must', and both 'have to/have got to'? , had to: We had to stand up when the teacher came in to the class., How do you say that something is not necessary, but we can do it if we want to?, don't have to /didn't have to; don't need to/didn't need to: We don’t have to wear a suit at work. I didn’t have to go into the office today. We don’t need to leave just yet. We didn’t need to book tickets in advance., What is the meaning of 'be allowed to'/'could' and 'be not allowed to' here? We were allowed to / could do what we liked.We’re not allowed to use our phones in class. , permission (were allowed to/ could) or prohibition (be not allowed to).

BCE modals

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