Two types of Ventilation, Positive Pressure Ventilation and Sub atmospheric pressure, two types of positive pressure ventilations, non-invasive(cpap) and invasive(intubation), respiration, movement of gas molecules across a membrane, external respiration, Internal respiration, Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), What causes air to enter the lungs during spontaneous inspiration?, A decrease in pleural pressure (Ppl) that lowers alveolar pressure (PA) below atmospheric pressure, What is alveolar pressure (PA) at end of expiration during spontaneous breathing?, 0 cm H₂O (equal to atmospheric pressure), What happens to pleural pressure (Ppl) during inspiration?, It becomes more negative, What is venous return?, The volume of blood returning to the heart per unit time, How does venous return affect preload?, Increased venous return → increased preload, Relationship chain between venous return and cardiac output, ↑ Venous return → ↑ Preload → ↑ Cardiac output, What is the BP formula?, what are the effects of sub atmospheric pressure on Intra vascular pressure and Intra cardiac pressure. And what does it mean for venous return?, What 3 factors affect venous return?, formula for venous return, VR=venous return, Pv=pressure in vein, Pra=pressure in right atrium, Rv=resistance in vena cava, The relationship between spontaneous inspiration and increase venous return is known as?, Thoracic pump, What happens to the thoracic pump during PPV?, what is the Cerebral perfusion pressure(CPP) formula? and what does it mean?, During PPV, CPP can be decreased in two ways. What are they?, What can be done about patients with acute head trauma where ICP is dangerously high? explain why that works?, what are the renal effects of a drop in BP? and why?, how does a drop in BP effect liver and GI tract?, name three areas of complications for using PPV, Barotrauma, what law applies here?, During spontaneous inspiration gas will flow first to the _____ dependent region of the lung, During spontaneous inspiration gas will flow first to the gravity dependent region of the lung, The location of the gravity dependent region depends on the position of the individual. T or F, T, In an upright individual which part of the lung becomes the gravity dependent region and receives more volume per breath?, base of the lung, In a supine individual which part of the lung is the dependent region?, posterior portion (back), Pulmonary perfusion is higher in the ____ and _____ regions of the lung, Pulmonary perfusion is higher in the base and posterior regions of the lung, With PPV the gas will flow first to the gravity independent region of the lung. T or F, T. so you need to position your patient on PPV for gas flow to reach posterior/base regions of the lung first, PPV will not compress the pulmonary capillaries. T or F, F. it will compress the pulmonary capillaries, PPV will compress the pulmonary capillaries which result in..., What are the 5 indications for PPV?, Indications for ventilation when it comes to Acute Respiratory Failure, Indications for ventilation when it comes to Impending Respiratory Failure, Indications for ventilation when it comes to Prophylactic Ventilatory Support, Indications for ventilation when it comes to Hyperventilation Therapy, Compliance formula, resistance formula, Compliance of healthy spontaneous breathing individual, Compliance of Intubated mechanically ventilated individual, Poiseuille’s Law states that resistance to airflow depends on ..., Poiseuille’s Law states that resistance to airflow depends on gas viscosity, the gas density, the length and diameter of the tube, and the flow rate of the gas through the airway, Transairway pressure formula, Transthoracic pressure formula, Transrespiratory pressure formula, what is the equation for motion in spontaneous breathing?, what is the equation for motion in PPV?, How can we get the value of PA?, through an inspiratory hold which would give us our Pplat and Pplat=PA. This is necessary because we can't have flow to measure PA (look at equation for motion when Pm=PA without flow), formula for static compliance (Cs), why is static compliance called static compliance?, resistance formula, what is dynamic compliance?

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