every so often (B2) • adverbial phrase • /ˈevri səʊ ˈɒfən/, "Every so often, the educational supplements of our broadsheets devote an entire issue to the danger the British face of falling behind in Europe because so few of our schoolkids speak foreign languages." = occasionally, from time to time = vaqti-vaqti bilan, devote (B2) • verb • /dɪˈvəʊt/, "Every so often, the educational supplements of our broadsheets devote an entire issue to the danger the British face of falling behind in Europe because so few of our schoolkids speak foreign languages." = to give time or attention to something = bag‘ishlamoq, rebuke (B2) • noun • /rɪˈbjuːk/, "Most recently, the German ambassador lambasted us for only ever speaking English, a rebuke echoed by his French and Spanish counterparts." = an expression of strong criticism = qattiq tanbeh, cite (B2) • verb • /saɪt/, "Poor teaching and the late introduction of the subject are often cited as the main reasons youngsters are so loath to study them." = to mention as a reason or example = sabab sifatida keltirmoq, loath (B2) • adjective • /ləʊθ/, "Poor teaching and the late introduction of the subject are often cited as the main reasons youngsters are so loath to study them." = unwilling or reluctant = istaksiz, broadsheet (C1) • noun • /ˈbrɔːdʃiːt/, "Every so often, the educational supplements of our broadsheets devote an entire issue to the danger the British face of falling behind in Europe because so few of our schoolkids speak foreign languages." = a large-format, serious newspaper = jiddiy mazmundagi katta formatdagi gazeta, lambast(e) (C1) • verb • /læmˈbɑːst/, "Most recently, the German ambassador lambasted us for only ever speaking English, a rebuke echoed by his French and Spanish counterparts." = to criticize someone very strongly = keskin tanqid qilmoq, echoed (C1) • verb • /ˈekəʊd/, "Most recently, the German ambassador lambasted us for only ever speaking English, a rebuke echoed by his French and Spanish counterparts." = repeated or supported the same opinion = qo‘llab-quvvatlab takrorlamoq, vis-à-vis (C1) • preposition • /ˌviːz ɑː ˈviː/, "Another factor for our notorious laziness vis-à-vis other tongues has to be that we are brought up to believe that the whole world speaks English, so why bother?" = in relation to or compared with = …ga nisbatan, rudimentary (C1) • adjective • /ˌruːdɪˈmentri/, "And yes, when millions of Brits take their annual holidays abroad, local tourism, travel, catering and retail staff are all trained in at least rudimentary English," = basic and elementary = boshlang‘ich, juda oddiy, revolve around (B2) • phrasal verb • /rɪˈvɒlv əˈraʊnd/, "Their leisure activities revolve around pop music, sport, computers, television and films." = to be mainly concerned with = atrofida aylanmoq, subtitle (B2) • noun • /ˈsʌbtaɪtl/, "These things are already in English; translations and subtitles are the exception." = written text shown on screen translating speech = subtitr, exception (B2) • noun • /ɪkˈsepʃn/, "These things are already in English; translations and subtitles are the exception." = something that does not follow the rule = istisno, readily (B2) • adverb • /ˈredɪli/, "Furthermore, the most powerful country in the world happens to speak our language, and we absorb its cultural exports easily and readily." = easily and willingly = osonlik bilan, lag behind (B2) • phrasal verb • /læɡ bɪˈhaɪnd/, "The belief that we will lag behind our European business partners also needs to be dissected." = to fail to keep up with others = orqada qolmoq, keep up with (B2) • phrasal verb • /kiːp ʌp wɪð/, "The canard here is that we lose out because our businessmen and women can't keep up with the local lingo." = to stay at the same level as others = yetib bormoq, illuminate (C1) • verb • /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/, "All this is true, and yet it illuminates only part of the picture, British teenagers are generally bored by French or German verbs, but the underlying reasons are more complex than a vague assumption that they only need to speak English because everyone else does." = to explain or make something clearer = yoritmoq, tushuntirib bermoq, underlying reasons (C1) • noun phrase • /ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ ˈriːzənz/, "British teenagers are generally bored by French or German verbs, but the underlying reasons are more complex than a vague assumption that they only need to speak English because everyone else does." = basic or fundamental causes of something = asosiy sabablar, boffins (C1) • noun • /ˈbɒfɪnz/, "Of course, should the world situation change, and the United States become a Hispanic country, as some boffins have predicted, the British would see the benefit of learning Spanish and do so." = scientists or experts, often informally = olimlar, mutaxassislar, paramount (C1) • adjective • /ˈpærəmaʊnt/, "Not so long ago, knowledge of French was more widespread here, and eagerly acquired, when that language was of paramount international importance." = more important than anything else = eng muhim, be dissected (C1) • verb • /dɪˈsektɪd/, "The belief that we will lag behind our European business partners also needs to be dissected." = examined very carefully in detail = batafsil tahlil qilinmoq, canard (C1) • noun • /kəˈnɑːd/, "The canard here is that we lose out because our businessmen and women can't keep up with the local lingo." = a false or misleading idea or rumor = asossiz gap, yolg‘on fikr, lucrative (C1) • adjective • /ˈluːkrətɪv/, "But surely, it is competitiveness and the attraction of lucrative offers that count." = producing a lot of money or profit = daromadli, wring their hands (C1) • idiom • /rɪŋ ðeə hændz/, "After all, American executives don't wring their hands at their lack of linguistic skills." = to show anxiety or worry = tashvishlanmoq, xavotirlanmoq, educational supplements (C1) • noun phrase • /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənəl ˈsʌplɪmənts/, "Many students rely on educational supplements to improve their academic performance." = additional materials used to support learning = ta’limni qo‘llab-quvvatlovchi qo‘shimcha materiallar, phenomenally unpopular (C2) • adjective phrase • /fəˈnɒmɪnəli ʌnˈpɒpjʊlə/, "The policy proved phenomenally unpopular among young voters." = extremely and surprisingly disliked = nihoyatda ommabop bo‘lmagan, frustrating experience (B2) • noun phrase • /frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ ɪkˈspɪəriəns/, "Learning a new language without guidance can be a frustrating experience." = an experience that causes annoyance or disappointment = asabni buzadigan tajriba, the committed linguist (C1) • noun phrase • /ðə kəˈmɪtɪd ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/, "The committed linguist spent years documenting endangered languages." = a language specialist who is highly dedicated = fidoyi tilshunos, rudimentary English (B2) • adjective phrase • /ˌruːdɪˈmentəri ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/, "He could communicate using only rudimentary English." = very basic and limited English = boshlang‘ich darajadagi ingliz tili, vague assumption (C1) • noun phrase • /veɪɡ əˈsʌmpʃən/, "The theory was based on a vague assumption rather than solid evidence." = an unclear or poorly defined belief = noaniq taxmin, eagerly acquired (C1) • verb phrase • /ˈiːɡəli əˈkwaɪəd/, "New skills were eagerly acquired by young professionals." = obtained with strong interest or enthusiasm = ishtiyoq bilan o‘zlashtirilgan, paramount international importance (C2) • adjective phrase • /ˈpærəmaʊnt ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl ɪmˈpɔːtəns/, "Climate change is an issue of paramount international importance." = of the highest global significance = eng yuqori darajadagi xalqaro ahamiyatga ega, local lingo (B2) • noun phrase • /ˈləʊkəl ˈlɪŋɡəʊ/, "Tourists enjoy learning the local lingo when traveling abroad." = informal words or expressions used in a particular area = mahalliy jargon, American executives (B2) • noun phrase • /əˈmerɪkən ɪɡˈzekjʊtɪvz/, "American executives often manage multinational companies." = senior managers from the United States = amerikalik rahbar xodimlar, wring their hands at (C1) • idiomatic verb phrase • /rɪŋ ðeə hændz æt/, "Officials wring their hands at the rising unemployment rate." = to show anxiety or helpless concern = xavotir bilan bosh qotirmoq, the attraction of lucrative offers that count (C2) • noun phrase • /ði əˈtrækʃən əv ˈluːkrətɪv ˈɒfəz ðæt kaʊnt/, "Many professionals are drawn by the attraction of lucrative offers that count." = the appeal of highly profitable and meaningful opportunities = jozibador va foydali takliflarning ahamiyati, rudimentary (B2) • adjective • /ˌruːdɪˈmentəri/, "He has only a rudimentary understanding of economics." = basic and incomplete; not fully developed = juda oddiy, boshlang‘ich darajadagi, paramount (C1) • adjective • /ˈpærəmaʊnt/, "Safety is of paramount importance in this industry." = more important than anything else; supreme = eng muhim, ustuvor

Unit 4.2 Language

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