It must have rained as the ground is wet., Debe haber llovido, porque el suelo está mojado., I should have called you last night but I was busy., Debería haberte llamado anoche, pero estaba ocupado., I think the capital is Edinburgh but I may/might/could have been wrong., Creo que la capital es Edimburgo, pero puede que me equivoque., It can´t have been her , she is on holiday., No puede haber sido ella, está de vacaciones., I needn´t have bought bread as we already have some, No tenía por qué haber comprado pan, ya que ya tenemos., If I had studied for the exam, I may/might/could have passed, Si hubiera estudiado para el examen, quizá lo habría aprobado., We use it to make a deduction of something that has happened. We feel sure of it., Must have + past participle, Use it to express the idea that something was desirable or needed but didn´t happen, Should have + past participle, Use this to say something was possible in the past but we are not sure, Might/May/Could Have + Past participle, We are making a deduction of something that didn´t happen in the past based on present evidence, Can´t have + past participle, It is the opposite of "Should have" It indicates that something was done but it wasn´t necessarily, Needn´t have + past participle, Use them to say that something was possible in the past but we know that it didn´t happen., Might/May/Could have + past participle

Modal Perfects

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