materialism/base and superstructure, marx, cultural materialism, raymond williams; as lived experience, not elite only, social totality, george lukacs; realistic literature reflects society as a whole , cultural hegemony, antonio gramsci, ideology in language, terry eagleton; text conveying power, magic realism, franz roh, postcolonial magical realism, rushdie; history, myth, politics intertwined, postcolonial perspective, imagism, ezra pound; direct treatment of the thing, stream of consciousness, epiphany, joyce, timeless moments, still points, t. s. eliot, intersection, consciousness, woolf, focus on subjective experience and gendered perspective, body/instinct, dh lawrence, human instinct vs intellect, physical reality, form = content , beckett, duration (lived time) , henri bergson, intuition, organic experience , limits of language , ludwig wittgenstein, defamiliarization, shklovsky, poetic function, jakobson, how language creates aesthetic effect, heteroglossia (dialogism), also carnivalesque, bakhtin, carnivalesque: social rules inverted, close reading , ia richards, seven types of ambiguity, william empson, sign/signifier/signified, ferdinand de saussure - language a system of signs, meaning conventional, binary opposites , claude-levi strauss, myths and narratives structured around opposites , death of the author, also myth (cultural) , roland barthes, deconstruction; supplement/play/virus , jacques derrida, meaning unstable, text a network of signs; writing alters meaning, no fixed interpretation , discourse and power, michel foucault — knowledge is social, language constructs reality, mirror stage; anchorage, relay, lacan, identity formed by language and social interactions; relay: text and image work together to create meaning, woman as other , simone de beauvoir; gender socially constructed, women marginalized, gender performativity, judith butler: gender produced by repeated social acts, gynocriticism, elaine showalter, study of female's writing and its traditions, end of grand narratives, jean-francois lyotard — no universal truths, skepticism of big stories , simulacra, jean baudrillard: reality replaced by images and signs, historiographic metafiction; parody/pastiche, linda hutcheon — playful imitation of history, orientalism, edward said, representation of the other, power+culture, third space, homi bhabba, hybrid cultural identity, beyond binaries, colonial trauma, frantz fanon, agency of nature, lawrence buell, nature has power, not passive , human as part of system, cary wolfe, environment/society (the relation) , raymond williams, otherness, archetypes, freud, bottlerack, duchamp, disjecta, samuel beckett, non-linear pieces, the kenning, joyce, poetic nickname, circular room, em fortster , moral fable, inclusive significance, humanism + socially conscious criticism, fr leavis, edwardians, wells, galsworthy, beckett, georgians, lawrence, forster, joyce, eliot, aesthetic autonomy, kant, angry young men, Sillitoe, Amis, Osborne, bloomsbury, woolf, foster, fry, bell, brooke, fabian society, wells, shaw, close reading, austin warren, close reading for new criticism (richards the father of the movement) , spoof genre, part of postmodernism, drama of ideas, shaw, unreal reality, harold pinter, heterotopias, foucault, dwelling, heidegger, intimate space, gaston bachelard, imagology, hugo dysernick, significant form, clive bell , distant reading, moretti.

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