spread into space — расселиться в космосе, "I don't think the human race will survive the next 1,000 years unless we spread into space.", Many scientists believe our long-term survival depends on our ability to spread into space., Science fiction often imagines a future where humanity has spread into space, living on multiple planets., the idea of space colonisation — идея колонизации космоса, But is space colonisation really possible?, The idea of space colonisation has moved from science fiction into serious scientific discussion., Elon Musk is a famous supporter of the idea of space colonisation, particularly on Mars., a giant leap for mankind — гигантский скачок для человечества, "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.", The invention of the internet was a giant leap for mankind, connecting the whole world., Finding a cure for a major disease would be considered a giant leap for mankind., the future survival of mankind — будущее выживание человечества, ...colonising space is the only answer for the future survival of mankind..., Climate change is a serious threat to the future survival of mankind., Some argue that investing in science is crucial for the future survival of mankind., create futuristic communities — создавать футуристические сообщества, ...people have been dreaming about creating futuristic communities in space., Architects and engineers are already planning how to create futuristic communities on Mars., The project aims to create futuristic communities here on Earth that use only renewable energy., space stations orbiting near Earth — космические станции на орбите у Земли, One solution would be for us to move to space stations orbiting near Earth., The first step in living in space might be to build larger space stations orbiting near Earth., Astronauts on space stations orbiting near Earth can see 16 sunrises and sunsets every day., power from solar panels — энергия от солнечных панелей, The ISS gets its power from solar panels..., Most satellites in orbit get their power from solar panels., Our house gets most of its power from solar panels installed on the roof., generate its own oxygen — вырабатывать свой собственный кислород, The ISS... generates its own oxygen and even recycles water..., For a spaceship to travel to Mars, it must be able to generate its own oxygen., The new life support system for the submarine can generate its own oxygen for a month., send food and supplies — отправлять еду и припасы, ...all of its food and other supplies have to be sent from Earth., Every few months, a cargo spacecraft is launched to send food and supplies to the ISS., During the polar winter, ships cannot send food and supplies to the research station., use the Moon's rich resources — использовать богатые ресурсы Луны, The Moon has rich resources which could be used to construct a colony., Future missions aim to use the Moon's rich resources, like water ice, to support astronauts., Companies are interested in how to use the Moon's rich resources, such as rare minerals., construct a lunar colony — построить лунную колонию, The Moon has rich resources which could be used to construct a colony., NASA has plans to construct a lunar colony, called Artemis Base Camp, within the next decade., It would be incredibly expensive to construct a lunar colony that is safe for people to live in., a permanent space colony — постоянная космическая колония, Establishing a permanent space colony on Mars is the ultimate goal of SpaceX., A permanent space colony would need strong shields to protect inhabitants from radiation., extract oxygen from water — добывать кислород из воды, ...scientists found water on the moon, which could be used to extract oxygen for breathing., The new machine can extract oxygen from water using a process called electrolysis., If we can extract oxygen from water on Mars, it will make human missions much easier., a planet with an atmosphere — планета с атмосферой, Earth is the only planet in our solar system with an atmosphere that can support human life., Scientists are searching for a planet with an atmosphere similar to Earth's in other star systems., release carbon dioxide — выделять углекислый газ, Scientists have suggested creating a more Earth-like atmosphere there by releasing carbon dioxide..., Factories and cars release carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming., Some scientists have proposed a dangerous idea to release carbon dioxide stored in the Martian soil to warm the planet., warm a planet up — нагревать планету, Scientists have suggested... warming it up..., The greenhouse effect is causing Earth's atmosphere to warm the planet up., A controversial idea for terraforming Mars is to warm the planet up using giant orbital mirrors., endless amounts of money — бесконечные суммы денег, If we had endless amounts of money for space exploration, we would have already overcome these problems..., Even with endless amounts of money, some engineering problems take time to solve., The project was cancelled because it required endless amounts of money to complete., fund space exploration — финансировать исследование космоса, Governments and private companies both fund space exploration today., Many people believe it is important to fund space exploration for the advancement of knowledge., overcome many challenges — преодолеть множество трудностей, So, although there are many challenges to overcome, Professor Hawking still believes..., Engineers had to overcome many challenges to build the International Space Station., To live on another planet, we will have to overcome many challenges related to radiation and lack of food., space is the final frontier — космос — это последний рубеж, What do you think? Is space truly 'the final frontier'?, The phrase "space is the final frontier" comes from the introduction to Star Trek., For explorers and scientists, space is the final frontier, full of unknown mysteries., become self-sufficient — стать самодостаточным, The goal of the Mars colony is to become self-sufficient and not rely on supplies from Earth., Learning to grow your own food is a great step towards becoming self-sufficient., within centuries or millennia — в течение веков или тысячелетий, The only question is whether this happens in years, centuries or millennia., Major changes to a planet's climate can happen within centuries or millennia., Some astronomical events, like the collision of galaxies, occur within centuries or millennia, not years., afford the high cost — позволить себе высокую стоимость, Only very wealthy individuals can currently afford the high cost of a trip to space., Many countries cannot afford the high cost of developing their own space programs., a very harsh environment — очень суровая среда, Life there would be very harsh, though., The surface of Venus is a very harsh environment with extreme pressure and acid rain., Antarctica is a very harsh environment for humans, with freezing temperatures and strong winds., be wiped out by a catastrophe — быть уничтоженным катастрофой, He believes that sooner or later we will be wiped out by a catastrophe such as a meteor or nuclear war., Dinosaurs are believed to have been wiped out by a catastrophe when a large asteroid hit Earth., Some ancient civilizations may have been wiped out by a catastrophe like a massive volcanic eruption., the threat of a meteor strike — угроза падения метеорита, Scientists monitor near-Earth objects to assess the threat of a meteor strike., The movie was about a team of astronauts trying to stop the threat of a meteor strike., the danger of nuclear war — опасность ядерной войны, During the Cold War, many people lived in fear of the danger of nuclear war.

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