Civil Rights Movement, The organized struggle to end racial discrimination and secure equal rights for African Americans, Jim Crow Laws, State and local laws enforcing racial segregation, primarily in the South, Brown v. Board of Education, Supreme Court decision that ruled school segregation unconstitutional, Nonviolent Resistance, Strategy of peaceful protest used to challenge injustice and oppression, Montgomery Bus Boycott, Mass protest against segregated public transportation in Alabama, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Federal law banning discrimination in public places and employment, Voting Rights Act of 1965, Federal law protecting African American voting rights, Sit-ins, Nonviolent protests against segregated businesses, especially lunch counters, March on Washington, 1963 mass protest demanding civil and economic rights, Segregation, System of separating people based on race, Plessy v. Ferguson, Supreme Court ruling that upheld segregation under “separate but equal”, Freedom Riders, Activists who challenged segregation in interstate travel, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Student-led organization promoting grassroots civil rights activism, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Organization led by ministers coordinating nonviolent protests, Black Power, Movement emphasizing racial pride, self-determination, and economic independenceMovement emphasizing racial pride, self-determination, and economic independenceOrganization led by ministers coordinating nonviolent protests, Malcolm X, Civil rights leader who advocated Black empowerment and self-defense, Medgar Evers, NAACP leader assassinated for his work on desegregation, Selma to Montgomery Marches, Voting rights protests that led to major federal legislation, Affirmative Action, Policies designed to address past discrimination in education and employment, De facto Segregation, Segregation caused by social and economic conditions rather than laws

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