1. Which of the following best explains why many new products fail after being launched into the market?, Companies invest too much in research and development., Firms focus only on technology rather than customer needs and market demand., Customers prefer old products and resist innovation., Distribution channels refuse to support new products., 2. In the new product development process, the primary objective of the idea screening stage is to:, Identify production methods and estimate manufacturing costs., Eliminate weak, unprofitable, or inconsistent ideas before large investments are made., Test consumer reactions to the physical product., Develop detailed marketing communication strategies., 3. Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a product idea and a product concept?, A product idea is more detailed than a product concept., A product concept is a clearly defined version of the idea expressed in meaningful consumer terms., A product idea represents the final product ready for commercialization., A product concept focuses only on technical features and design., 4. During the business analysis stage of new product development, companies are MOST concerned with:, Estimating sales, costs, and profits to assess the product’s financial attractiveness., Testing the product design and packaging., Developing advertising and promotion strategies., Collecting customer feedback in real market conditions., 5. A company that introduces a new product at a high price with heavy promotional spending during the introduction stage is MOST likely pursuing which pricing strategy?, Penetration pricing, Market skimming pricing, Competitive pricing, Psychological pricing, 6. Compared with styles and fashions, fads typically:, Have longer life cycles and stable growth, Spread slowly but last for many years, Experience rapid adoption followed by rapid decline, Generate consistent profits over time, 7. Test marketing is especially valuable because it allows firms to:, Minimize advertising costs before commercialization, Evaluate the entire marketing mix under real market conditions, Speed up product launch decisions, Avoid all potential market risks, 8. A firm decides to gradually reduce marketing support and discontinue a product due to declining sales and profitability. This decision is MOST consistent with which stage of the product life cycle?, Introduction, Growth, Maturity, Decline, 9. Which of the following best explains why customer-centered product development is critical to long-term business success?, It helps firms reduce production costs and maximize short-term profits., It allows firms to rely primarily on technological superiority., It ensures that products are designed to solve real customer problems and deliver superior value., It minimizes the need for marketing research., 10. Which of the following best explains why many firms adopt a systematic innovation management process?, To eliminate creativity, To control employee behavior, To ensure consistent, long-term product development success, To reduce the role of customers, 11. Your team has 5 product ideas and needs to choose one. What is the MOST important criterion in idea screening?, A. CEO’s personal preference, B. Production cost only, C. Market potential and company capability, D. Social media likes, 12. You present the smart water bottle concept to university students. What is the MAIN purpose of concept testing?, A. To check if customers understand and like the idea, B. To start mass production, C. So everyone will know more about the product, D. To set the final price, 13. How many stages are there in a product life cycle, 4, 6, 7, 5, 14. When your water bottle sales raised rapidly, knowing that the product is in the growth stage. Why this phenomenon occured, A. Marketing expenses are eliminated, B. Economies of scale reduce unit production cost, C. Competitors leave the market, D. The company stops spending on product improvement, 15. Your company wants to launch a new smart water bottle for university students. Which is the BEST source of idea generation?, A. Copying a competitor’s exact product, B. Brainstorming with customers and analyzing market trends, C. Give up, D. Only asking top managers for ideas

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