Tectonic plates, Broken pieces of the Earth's crust, Fault, A break in the Earth's crust, Elastic potential energy, Builds up when edges of plates get caught on each other., Earthquake, Results when plates suddenly move past each other, releasing the stress., Seismic waves, Shockwaves from an earthquake are called, Focus, Point underground where earthquake begins., Epicentre, Point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus., P-waves, Pressure waves; travel fastest; travel through solids and liquids., S-waves, Side to side waves; travel more slowly; only travel through solids., Reach the seismometer first., P-waves, Reach the seismometer second., S-waves, Occurs when the soil is loose and saturated with water., Liquefaction, Liquefaction, Dangerous because it causes buildings to tip and sink., Seisomograph, Instrument on the surface used to record the movement of a seismometer during an earthquake., Seismometer, Instrument inside the Earth that moves in an earthquake., Surface waves, Travel at the surface and cause large movements of the Earth., Waves responsible for the most earthquake damage., Surface waves., Tsunamis, Mostly caused by underwater earthquakes., Wind waves, Travel slowly across the surface of the water., Travel as fast as a jet plane, moving the whole column of water., Tsunamis

Earth Space Science (Sci1)

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