you can report what something or someone says by using either direct speech or reported speech, Direct: She said, 'I buy vinyl records.' Reported: She said (that) she bought vinyl records., to report what someone said, thought or asked we use reporting verbs, say, tell (someone), explain, complain, think, wonder, ask, want to know, etc., the main verb usually moves back a tense if the reporting verb is in the past, 'Sales are rising.' --> He said (that) sales were rising., if the reporting verb is in the present tense and the situation is still current, the tense doesn't change, 'I really like working here.' --> He says he really likes working here., to report Wh- questions: retain the question word, but change the tense (as above) and change the subject-verb word order, 'When is Jane going?' --> He asked me when Jane was going., to report a yes/no question, use if or whether, 'Has Bill spoken to you?' --> He asked me if/whether Bill had spoken to me., for reported speech, the time references change, 'I'll speak to him this week.' --> He said he'd speak to him last week. (reported the week after)

Reported Speech

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