costing (B2) • verb • /ˈkɒstɪŋ/, "what those late nights out could be costing you" = causing loss or negative effect = zarar keltirmoq, sleep deprivation (C1) • noun • /sliːp ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃən/, "Sleep deprivation can seriously affect your mental performance." = a condition of not getting enough sleep = uyqu yetishmovchiligi, conviction (B2) • noun • /kənˈvɪkʃn/, "it's Walker's conviction" = strong belief = qat’iy ishonch, constitutes (B2) • verb • /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːts/, "Sleep deprivation constitutes anything less than seven" = is considered to be = tashkil etadi / hisoblanadi, needs to be prioritized (C1) • phrase • /niːdz tuː biː praɪˈɒrətaɪzd/, "Health needs to be prioritized over work." = must be treated as more important than other things = ustuvor deb belgilanishi kerak, proclaiming (B2) • verb • /prəˈkleɪmɪŋ/, "proclaiming how little sleep" = publicly announce = e’lon qilmoq, alike (C1) • adverb • /əˈlaɪk/ & passengers and crew alike (C1) • phrase • /ˈpæsɪndʒəz ænd kruː əˈlaɪk/, "passengers and crew alike" = in the same way = bir xil tarzda / hammasi & "The storm affected passengers and crew alike." = both groups equally = yo‘lovchilar va ekipaj birdek, urging (C1) • verb • /ˈɜːdʒɪŋ/, "poster urging sleep on people" = strongly encouraging = undamoq / targ‘ib qilmoq, embarrassing (C1) • adjective • /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/, "It's embarrassing to say it in public" = making you feel ashamed or uncomfortable = uyatli, He dreads the question (C1) • phrase • /hiː dredz ðə ˈkwestʃən/, "He dreads the question about his future plans." = he feels very anxious or afraid about it = u bu savoldan qo‘rqadi, in the midst of (C2) • phrase • /ɪn ðə mɪdst əv/, "we are in the midst of a 'catastrophic sleep-loss epidemic'" = in the middle of an ongoing situation, often serious = qizg‘in jarayon ichida / o‘rtasida, reduction (B2) • noun • /rɪˈdʌkʃn/, "one night of sleep reduction" = decrease in amount = kamayish, be susceptible to weight gain (C1) • phrase • /bi səˈseptəbl tuː weɪt ɡeɪn/, "People who lack sleep may be susceptible to weight gain." = likely to be affected by gaining weight = vazn ortishiga moyil bo‘lmoq, inadequate sleep (C1) • phrase • /ɪnˈædɪkwət sliːp/, "Inadequate sleep can lead to poor concentration." = not enough or insufficient sleep = yetarli bo‘lmagan uyqu, processed food (B2) • noun • /ˈprəʊsest fuːd/, "processed food and sedentary lifestyles" = food changed industrially = qayta ishlangan ovqat, adequately (B2) • adverb • /ˈædɪkwətli/, "do not adequately explain its rise" = sufficiently = yetarlicha, bear in mind (B2) • phrase • /beə rɪn maɪnd/, "people should bear in mind" = remember or consider = yodda tutmoq, a non-negotiable eight-hour sleep (C1) • phrase • /ə ˌnɒn nɪˈɡəʊʃiəbl eɪt ˈaʊə sliːp/, "For him, a non-negotiable eight-hour sleep is essential." = something that cannot be changed or reduced = o‘zgartirib bo‘lmaydigan 8 soatlik uyqu, vitality and health (B2) • noun phrase • /vaɪˈtæləti ænd helθ/, "Regular exercise improves vitality and health." = energy and physical well-being = hayotiy kuch va sog‘liq, sleep reduction (C1) • noun • /sliːp rɪˈdʌkʃən/, "Sleep reduction over time can harm your body." = decrease in the amount of sleep = uyquning kamayishi, incredibly (C1) • adverb • /ɪnˈkredəbli/, "I take my sleep incredibly seriously" = extremely = nihoyatda, comprises (B2) • verb • /kəmˈpraɪzɪz/, "Each cycle comprises of NREM sleep" = consists of = o‘z ichiga oladi, followed by (B2) • phrase • /ˈfɒləʊd baɪ/, "followed by REM" = comes after something = ortidan keladi, workout (B2) • noun • /ˈwɜːkaʊt/, "end of a workout" = physical exercise session = mashg‘ulot, the way we function (B2) • phrase • /ðə weɪ wi ˈfʌŋkʃən/, "Sleep affects the way we function during the day." = how we operate or perform = qanday ishlashimiz / faoliyat yuritishimiz, settles into (C1) • phrasal verb • /ˈsetlz ˈɪntuː/, "your body settles into this lovely low state of energy" = gradually moves into a state or condition = ma’lum holatga kirib boradi, cognitive functioning (C1) • noun phrase • /ˈkɒɡnətɪv ˈfʌŋkʃənɪŋ/, "this affects cognitive functioning" = mental processes such as thinking and memory = aqliy faoliyat, aid (C1) • noun • /eɪd/, "an aid to sleep" = something that helps = yordam vositasi, spurts (of activity) (C2) • noun • /spɜːts/, "Your heart and nervous system go through spurts of activity." = sudden, brief increases in intensity or activity = qisqa muddatli kuchli faollik, far-sighted (C2) • adjective • /ˌfɑːˈsaɪtɪd/, "some far-sighted companies in the US already give employees time off" = having the ability to think wisely about the future = uzoqni ko‘ra oladigan, sleep-inducing (C2) • adjective • /ˈsliːp ɪnˌdjuːsɪŋ/, "sleep-inducing hormone melatonin" = causing or promoting sleep in a technical/scientific context = uyqu keltiruvchi, what those late nights out could be costing you, чем могут обходиться вам эти поздние ночные выходы • kechasi kech yurish odatingiz sizga qanday zarar keltirayotganini o‘ylab ko‘ring late night out - kechasi kech qolib tashqarida yurish (ibora, ko‘pincha dam olish, do‘stlar bilan vaqt o‘tkazish ma’nosida), Sleep deprivation constitutes anything less than seven, недосыпание означает всё, что меньше семи (часов сна) • uyqusizlik yetti soatdan kam bo‘lgan har qanday uyquni anglatadi, body settles into this lovely low state of energy, тело переходит в это приятное состояние низкой энергии • tana ushbu yoqimli past energiya holatiga o‘tadi (moslashadi), long for (C1) • phrasal verb • /lɒŋ fɔːr/, "After weeks of hard work, he began to long for a good rest." = to strongly desire something = juda xohlamoq, sog‘inmoq, on a spin bike (B2) • phrase • /ɒn ə spɪn baɪk/, "He was sweating heavily while exercising on a spin bike." = using a stationary exercise bicycle = trenajyor velosipedda mashq qilayotgan, be an aid to sleep (C1) • phrase • /bi ən eɪd tuː sliːp/, "Reading a book before bed can be an aid to sleep." = something that helps you fall asleep = uyquga yordam beruvchi vosita, a national health service poster urging, плакат национальной службы здравоохранения, призывающий • milliy sog‘liqni saqlash xizmati tomonidan undovchi (urging) plakat.

Unit 8 Sleep

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