Logrolling, When legislators exchange votes to secure mutual benefits, Pork-barrel Spending, when government spending is directed toward specific local projects (may be seen as wasteful), President of the Senate, Also known as the Vice President of the United States, presiding over the Senate, Whip, The party leader in Congress; responsible for making sure all party votes are counted, and that the party is diciplined, Baker v. Carr, (1692) ruled that redistricting can be justifiable and courts are allowed to hear cases on legislative district fairness, "Lame duck" President, when the president is in their final period of their term and has begun to reduce their influence due to incoming "transition of power", Rules Committee, Responsible for setting the terms for the debate and amendements on bills in the House of Representatives, Gridlock, when political parties refuse to compromise, leading to legislative inaction, Gerrymandering, when district boundaries are manipulated to favor one political party over another, Shaw v. Reno, (1993) ruled that racial gerrymandering must be held to strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause, President pro tempore, the senior-most member of the Senate's majority party who presides in the absence of the Vice President, Politico Model, Representation by which legislators act as both delegates and trustees (depends on the issue being discussed), Rider, additional provisions added to a bill that may not actually be related to the bills main purpose, Mandatory Spending, government spending that is required by law (ex: social security and medicare), Ways and Means Committee, the powerful group in the House, they are responsible for tax legislation and revenue measures, Speaker of the House, presiding officer of the House of Representatives; elected by the majority party, Trustee Model, representation in which legislators use their own judgement to make decisions, rather than strictly following constituents' wishes, Senate majority leader, leader of the majority party in the Senate; responsible for setting the legislative agenda, Delegate Model, representation in which legislators vote based on the direct wishes of their constituents

Chapter 4 Part 2

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