simple present, Scheduled Future Events: Used for fixed timetables like public transport or cinema listings., Permanent States: Used for universal truths, scientific facts, or situations that don't change, Habits and Routines, present progressive, Actions in Progress, Temporary Situations: Used for actions that are true only for a limited period around the present, Definite Future Arrangements: Expresses personal plans that have already been organized with another person or entity, simple past, Completed Action: Describes an action that started and finished at a specific, finished, Sequential Events: Used to list a series of completed actions in a narrative or story, Past Habits: Expresses states or repeated actions that are no longer true, Past Progressive, Interrupted Background Action: Sets the scene or describes a long action that was happening when a shorter action, Simultaneous Actions: Describes two or more actions happening at the same time in the past, Specific Moment in the Past: Focuses on what was happening at a very precise time, Past Perfect, The "Past of the Past": Clarifies which of two past actions happened first, Completed before a point: Indicates an action was finished before a specific time in the past, Hypothetical Past: Essential for the Third Conditional to talk about regrets or imagined pasts, Present Perfect, Unspecified Time: Focuses on the experience or the fact that something happened, Present Result: A past action that has a visible or important consequence now, Unfinished Time Period: Actions that started in the past and continue into a period that is not yet over, Present Perfect Progressive, Emphasis on Duration: Focuses on "how long" an activity has been happening rather than the finished result, Continuous Recent Activity: Describes an action that has been happening lately and might still be in progress or has just stopped, Visible Evidence: Explains a present situation based on a recent continuous activity, Future Perfect, Deadline in the Future: Indicates that an action will be completed before a certain point in the future, Projection from the Future: Looking back at a completed goal from a future perspective., Common with "By": Almost always paired with time expressions like by the time, by then, or by

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