Advantages, Global impression not a single ability, Emphasis on achievement not deficiencies, Weight can be assigned to certain criteria, Encourages rater discussion and agreement, Disadvantages, Provides no diagnostic information, Difficult to interpret composite score, Smooths out different abilities in subskills, Raters may overlook subskills, Penalizes attempts to use challenging forms, Longer essays may get higher scores, One score reduces reliability, May confuse writing ability with language proficiency.

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