Written, Conveyed through written language via handwriting, the printed page, and the screen., Spoken, Conveyed through spoken language via live or recorded speech and can be monologic or dialogic., Visual, Conveyed through choices of visual resources and includes both still image and moving images. Images may include diverse cultural connotations, symbolism and portray different people, cultures and practices., Audio, Conveyed through sound, including choices of music representing different cultures, ambient sounds, noises, alerts, silence, natural/unnatural sounds, and use of volume, beat, tempo, pitch, and rhythm. Lyrics in a song may also include multiple languages., Spatial, Conveyed through design of spaces, using choices of spatial resources including: scale, proximity, boundaries, direction, layout, and organization of objects in the space., Gestural, Conveyed through choices of body movement; facial expression, eye movements and gaze, demeanour, gait, dance, acting, action sequences., Paper-based, include picture books, text books, graphic novels, comics, and posters., Live, dance, performance, and oral storytelling, convey meaning through combinations of various modes such as gestural, spatial, audio, and oral language., Digital, include film, animation, slide shows, e-posters, digital stories, podcasts, and web pages that may include hyperlinks to external pronunciation guides or translations., Multimodal Text, uses a combination of two or more communication modes, for example print, image and spoken text as in film or computer presentations.

Multimodal Texts

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