Biobrane is a commercially available?, Root matrix protein, Biodegradable membrane, Bone graft material, Non-bone graft material, In which of the following procedures, periodontal pack is not given?, Gingivectomy,  GTR procedures without osseous transplants,  Osteoplasty procedure,  Osteoimplants with reattachment procedures, The only valid method to assess periodontal regeneration is?, Radiographic analysis,  Clinical attachment level,  Reentry operation,  Histologic analysis, Glickman classified furcation involvement into 4 grades based on?, Horizontal measurement of attachment loss,  Vertical measurement of attachment loss,  Both,  None, The primary aetiologic factor in the development of furcation defect is?, Calculus,  Plaque,  Cemental caries,  Root infection, Root commonly removed in maxillary first molar during hemisection or root section is?, Palatal,  Distobuccal,  Mesiobuccal,  None of the above, Commonly involved tooth with furcatin involvement is?, Mandibular first permanent molar,  Maxillary first permanent molar,  Maxillary first permanent premolar,  Mandibular first permanent premolar, What is the most advantage of full thickness flap when compared to a partial thickness flap?, Cortical bone is exposed,  Easier to do flap raising,  Less chance of flap laceration,  Easier to suture, What is the basic principle of intra-oral suturing?, Even distribution,  Knot to the lingual,  The more, the better,  All of the above,  Non of the above, What is the most common indication for Coronally Positioned Flap?, Root coverage,  Ridge augmentation,  Primary wound closer,  Secondary would closer,  Non of the above, What kind of tissues should compose of Full Thickness Flap?, Epithelium, Connective Tissue, and Periosteum,  Epithelium, Connective Tissue,  Epithelium only,  Periosteum only,  Connective Tissue, and Periosteum, What is the main indication for using a Sling Suture?, When only buccal flap is elevated,  When buccal and lingual flaps are elevated,  When buccal and palatal flap are elevated,  All of the above,  Non of the above, What are common indications for Apically Positioned Flap?, Crown lengthening,  Pocket reduction,  Root coverage,  All of the above,  a and b only, What are advantages of a positive knot when compared to a negative knot?, No memory,  Hold the not better,  Hold the not for longer,  Better wound closer,  All of the above, What kind of tissues should compose a Partial Thickness Flap?, Epithelium, Connective Tissue, and Periosteum,  Epithelium, Connective Tissue,  Epithelium only,  Periosteum only,  Connective Tissue, and Periosteum, Where should releasing incisions be placed?, Always at the line angles,  Over roots,  In the middle of a papillae,  Over the mental foramen,  At the mid aspect of the root, What is (are) the most important anatomical structures to be respected during surgery?, Mental foramen,  Greater palatine foramen and neuromuscular bundle,  Incisive foramen,  Lingual artery and nerve,  All of the above, What immunologic cells are typically found in the healthy periodontium?, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), mast cells, macrophages,  T-cell, Plasma cell and B cell,  polymorphonuclear neutrophils and Plasma cell,  polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), mast cells, T cell and B cell, Which bony defect is most likely to repair or fill naturally after treatment?, Three-wall periodontal defects,  Two wall periodontal defects,  One wall Periodontal defects,  All above are repaired or filled naturally after treatment, What bacteria are associated with ANUG?, fff. fusospirochetal complex (fusiform bacteria and spirochetes).,  P. gingivalis,  Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans,,  Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevetella intermedia,, What bacteria are associated with localized juvenile periodontitis?, fusospirochetal complex (fusiform bacteria and spirochetes).,  P. gingivalis,  Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans,,  Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevetella intermedia,  Bacteroides forsythus, Eikenella corrodens, and Treponema denticola., What is the first cellular line of defense of the body against the periopathogens?, PMN,  T-cell,  T-cell, B-cell and plasma cell,  T-cell, B-cell and PMN,  All of the above, Which area of the oral cavity has the least amount of attached gingiva?, buccal mandibular premolar,  buccal maxillary premolar,  Buccal mandibule molar,  Buccal maxillary molar,  Lower incisors, What is the crown-to-root ratio in a healthy dentition?, As a general rule, the crown-to-root ratio in a healthy dentition is 1:2 (for each tooth).,  As a general rule, the crown-to-root ratio in a healthy dentition is 1:1 (for each tooth).,  As a general rule, the crown-to-root ratio in a healthy dentition is 2:1 (for each tooth).,  As a general rule, the crown-to-root ratio in a healthy dentition is 1:3 (for each tooth)., What is the primary symptom of root sensitivity?, the primary symptom is sensitivity to cold,  the primary symptom is sensitivity to hot,  All of the above,  Non of the above, A high lip line can have a multifactorial etiology?, Osseous, Muscular, Dental, All of the above, Crown lengthening is best performed by ?, Gingival resection and harmonization with or without osseous resection in natural passive eruption,  Gingival resection and harmonization with osseous resection in delayed passive eruption,  All of the above,  None of the above, The dento-gingival restorative interface is average dimension extending from the free gingival to the redeveloped bone of ?, 2mm,  3mm,  4mm,  None of the above, Which of the following statements is not true for the marginal incision technique ?, It is an easy procedure,  It is surgically safe,  It is suitable for most situations,  Good bleeding control can be achieved when the marginal incision technique is performed,  Flaps elevated after marginal incisions never need sutures, Which of the following aspects does not have to be considered in postsurgical wound infection protocol?, Local cleaning and debridement,  Antibiotics,  Oral disinfectants,  Short term recall,  Wait and see, The mental nerve can frequently be found ?, In the proximity of the molars,  In the incisor area,  Between the first and second premolar,  Close to the alveolar crest,  Too apically to ever be injured, Which blades can be considered standard in dentistry?, 15 and 11, 1 and 3, 16 and 24, 5 and 9, None of the above, Which suture material is commonly used in dentistry?, Silk 3.0,  Seralon 8.0,  Silk 1.0,  Vicryl 1.0,  Vicryl 10.0, The Lingual nerve ?, Can never be hurt during dental procedure,  Is important for the mobility of the tongue,  Is a branch of the mental nerve,  Can easily be injured when cutting too lingually in the molar area,  Is very sturdy and recovers quickly from injury, Which of the following techniques refer to autogenous soft tissue grafting?, Free gingival graft,  Connective tissue onlay graft,  Vascularized interposition connective graft,  All of the above, Acellular dermal grafts work best when they are completely submerged beneath a mucoperiosteal flap during healing. ?, True, False, Which of the following is NOT a function of a provisional restoration ?, It communicates the desired gingival margin to the surgeon,  It allows the patient to evaluate esthetics,  It may acts as a permanent restoration,  It allows the patient to evaluate phonetics, Autografts refer to ?, The transplantation of tissue from one individual to a different individual,  The transplantation of tissue from one individual to the same individual,  The transplantation of tissue from an animal to an individual, For human patients, all of these could be sources of xenografts except?, Pigs,  Cows,  Humans,  Horses, In debriding a root surface for a soft tissue graft, which of the following could be used to treat the root surface?, Tetracycline,  EDTA,  Citric Acid,  All of the Above, Which of the following affects the % of root coverage following root coverage surgery the MOST?, The height of the interproximal bone,  The amount of gingival recession,  The tooth morphology,  The position of the tooth in the arch, Following root coverage surgery on a tooth, what is the suggested healing period before making the final impression for the final restoration?, 3 days,  1 week,  4 weeks,  12 weeks, Which statement are true?, Supragingival plaque consists mostly of anaerobes and facultative bacteria (mostly gram-positive),  Subgingival plaque consists mostly of aerobes and facultative bacteria (mostly gram positive),  Subgingival plaque consists mostly of anaerobic bacteria (frequently gram-negative),  Supragingival plaque consists mostly of anaerobes and facultative, What pathway do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) block?, NSAIDs block the cyclooxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acids.,  NSAIDs block the anaerobic bacteria,  NSAIDs block the both cyclooxygenase and anaerobic bacteria,  None of above, In order to maintain proper biologic width after crown lengthening, crown preparation between the margin of the preparation and the crest of bone should be ?, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, There are a number of ways to control bleeding at the donor site, which one is first indicate to apply:?, Suturing (tie off the bleeders),  Collagen with or without stent,  Pressure with a tea bag,  Vasoconstriction (epinephrine in the local anesthetic),  Pressure with a moistened gauze, What is the primary reason for failure of free gingival graft?, Infection,  Disruption of the vascular supply before engraftment.,  Thickness of free gingival graft is too thick,  Suturing techniques, What medications may affect salivary flow?, Tricyclic antidepressants,  Antihypertension drugs,  Antibiotics,  Tricyclic antidepressants and Antihypertension drugs,  all above, When should a soft tissue graft be considered as an appropriate treatment of gingival recession?, Probing extents beyond the mucogingival junction,  Abnormal frenum attachment,  Root sensitivity, root caries,  all of the above, We need to consider which of the following in the treatment of refractory periodontal disease?, Surgery,  Antibiotic,  Systemic health,  Mechanical debridement,  Patient compliance,  All of the above, In the use of antibiotics in the treatment of adult periodontitis the following statements is ture ?, Antibiotics should routinely be used in initial and maintenance treatment of adult periodontitis, There is no evidence that antibiotics are of any use in the treatment of adult periodontitis therefore their use is never indicated, In a small subset of the population of patients who exhibit adult periodontitis such as those with refractory periodontal disease and rapidly progressive periodontitis there is benefit from the use of antibiotics, Diagnostic cultures are important in any case where it is propose that we use antibiotics, In a small subset of the population of patients who exhibit adult periodontitis such as those with refractory periodontal disease and rapidly progressive periodontitis there is benefit from the use of antibiotics and Diagnostic cultures are important in any case where it is propose that we use antibiotics, In terms of the treatment of the adult periodontitis patients: ?, The use of surgery in the treatment regimen is essential, The use of antibiotics in the treatment regimen is essential, The combined use of surgery and antibiotics proves increasingly effective in the treatment of these patients, All adult periodontitis patients can be treated successfully with scaling and root cleaning with or without surgery or antibiotic, In an adult patient with chronic adult periodontitis the most successful approach to treatment is?, Surgery,  Extreme initial treatment followed by reviews every year,  Initial periodontal therapy followed by maintenence therapy alone,  All are corrects, The cell surface components or adhesive molecules of bacteria that interact with a variety of host componentsand responsible for recognizing and binding to specific host cell receptors?, Cadherins,  Adhesins,  Cohesins,  Fimbriae, Thin aggregative fimbriae expressed on the outer surface of some Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia and Salmonella which promote bactrial adhesion and invasion to host as well as biofilm formation?, Pili,  Curli,  Dentilisin,  Lectin, In the gingival epithelium the Keratinocytes are interconnected by structures on the cell periphery called ?, Keratinosomes, Melanosomes, Desmosomes, Lysosomes, Epithelium of gingival sulcus is?, Keratinised,  Parakeratinised,  Non keratinised,  Pseudo columnar, Connective Tissue of Gingiva is also known as ?, Lamina lucida,  Lamina Propria,  Lamina densa,  Lamina limitans, A Gene mapping technique that tests whether one allele of a gene occurs more often in patients with the disease than in subjects without disease ?, Segregation analysis,  Genome wide analysis,  Candidate gene approach,  Twin study, The prevalance extent and severity of gingival recession ?, Increases with age and more prevalent in males,  Increases with age and more prevalent in females,  Decreases with age and more prevalent in males,  Decreases with age and more prevalent in females, The vesiculobullous lesion which presents with an occular involvement?, Erosive lichen planus,  Mucous membrane Pemphigoid,  Bullous Pemphigoid,  Pemphigus Vulgaris, Does of steroids in treatment of Pemphigus Vulgaris is monitered by periodic evaluation of?, DsG3 and DsG1 antibodies,  DsG2 and DsG4 antibodies,  DsG4 and DsG2 antibodies,  DsG1 and DsG2 antivodies, Lichen planus is an immunologically mediated mucocutaneous disorder in which?, T lymphocytes play a cental role,  B lymphocytes play a central role,  Compliments play a central role,  Antibodies play a central role, Highly vascularised connective tissue with foci of chronic inflammatory cells is seen in which drug inducedgingival enlargement?, Phenytoin,  Cyclosporin,  Nifedipine,  Valproate, Which of the benign tumors of gingiva has more incidence?, Fibroma,  Carcinoma,  Papilloma,  Giant cell tumor, Stages in the progression of NUG was decribed by?, Pindborg,  Mc Carthy,  Plaut & Vincent,  Listgarten, Zone 3 in election microscopy of NUG correspond to ?, Neutrophil rich zone,  Bacterial zone,  Necrotic zone,  Zone of spirochetal infiltration, Most commonest mucocutaneous disease manifesting as desquamative gingivitis?, Pemphigus vulgaris,  Linear lgA disease,  Erosive lichen planus,  Lupus erythematosus, In periodontal pocket, zone of attachment of junctional epithelium to the tooth is reduced to?, 500μm, More than 200μm, 300 μm, Less than 100 μm, The distance from the attached plaque to the bone is never more than?, 2.7 mm,  0.5 mm,  1.97 mm,  2 mm, Which inflammatory marker in increased in periodontitis which may act as intermediary step in pathway from periodontal infectiont to cardiovascular disease?, MMP,  PG,  CRP,  PAMP, Presence or worsening of periodontal disease during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of preeclampsia about?, 2-2.5 fold,  7 fold,  10 fold,  5 fold, Which drug can be given for reducing AGE production?, Penicillin,  Tetracycline,  Cephalosporin,  Macrolide, Which of the following suture alleviates the wicking effect?, plain gut,  braided silk,  polyster braided,  poly glycolic braided, What anatomic structure is the medial wall of maxillary sinus?, alveolar process,  lateral wall of maxilla,  lateral wall of nasal cavity,  floor of orbit, Periocol contains?, tetracycline, metronidazole, chlorhexidine, azithromycin, Piggy back fulcrum is a type of?, intra oral finger rest,  extraoral finger rest,  pen grasp,  modified pen grasp, Evalusite is?, automated probing system,  chair side DNA prode,  Chair side membrane immune assay,  GCF measuring system, Anatomic crown in relation to thick gingival biotype is?, traingular,  oval,  square,  elliptical, Chair side kit for BANA test is?, perioscan,  perioscope,  periocheck,  periogard, The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is achievement of?, reattachment,  repair,  new attachment,  epithelial adptation, Father of oral lygiene?, Pierre fouchard,  Levi spear parmly,  G V Black,  Leuwan hook, Enamel Matrix protein is?, Osteogenic,  Osteoinductive,  Osteoconductive,  Oseoblastic, Select the curette used specifically in furcation?, After five curettes,  curvettes,  Quetin curettes,  Langer curettes, The only antibiotic to which all strains of A comitans are susceptible?, Clindamycin,  Ciprofloxacin,  Metornidazole,  Erythromycin, The drug which can replace cyclosporine is?, Lsradipine,  Valprovic acid,  Mephenytoin,  Tacrolimus, Atypical gingivitis is synonym for?, puberty gingivitis,  pyogenic granuloma,  pregnancy gingivitis,  plasma cell gingivitis, The presence of pus in the pocket is indicative of?, Severity,  Depth,  Course,  Nature of inflammation, Lipping refersto, Central buttressing,  Peripheral buttressing,  Plateau,  Ledges, The number of walls destroyed in one wall defect, 1, 2, 3, 4, The most common clinical sign of trauma from occlusion is?, widening of periodontal ligament space,  angular bone loss,  pathologic migration,  tooth mobility, Chronic periodontitis is ?, Age associated,  Age related,  Gender associated,  Gender related, The key factor in both the development and treatment of furcation involvement is?, Root trunk length,  Cervical abrasion,  Proximal contact area,  Occlusal embrasure, The Kirkland flap is?, undisplaced flap,  apically displaced flap,  laterally displaced,  rotational flap, Flap technique best suited for bone grafting purpose is?, kirkland flap,  papilla preservation flap,  modified widman flap,  undisplaced flap, Bioplant is?, allograft,  autograft,  xenograft,  alloplast, Calcium phosphate ratio in hydroxyapatite is?, 1.54,  1.45,  1.67,  1.76, Reshaping of bone involving bone removal to the level which is recommended to the overall result is referred to as?, definitely osseeous reshaping,  compromise osseous reshaping,  vertical growing,  radicular blending, Complete epithelial repair after gingivectomy occurs at ?, 1 week,  2 week,  4 week,  3 months, Barricaid is?, Resorbable dressings,  Tissue conditioners,  Light cure periodontal dressing,  Tissue adhesives

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