What does it mean when a patient looks calm, stable, and is maintaining normal observations?, Their sodium‑potassium pumps are switched off, Their cells are working together efficiently to maintain homeostasis, Their cells are mostly inactive, Their mitochondria have stopped producing ATP, How does oxygen normally move from the alveoli into the bloodstream?, By using ATP, By active transport, By diffusing down a concentration gradient, By being pumped across, Why is ATP essential for cell function?, It forms the cell membrane, It stores oxygen, It repairs DNA directly, It powers the sodium‑potassium pump to maintain ion balance, What happens to a cell when oxygen levels fall and ATP production drops?, Sodium builds up inside the cell and water follows, causing swelling, The sodium‑potassium pump becomes more efficient, The cell becomes stronger, Potassium stays tightly inside the cell, Why might a hypoxic patient become confused?, Their neurons begin to fail as ion gradients collapse, Their blood sugar becomes dangerously low, Protein production stops completely, Their brain cells receive too much oxygen, Why is rising serum potassium dangerous during hypoxia?, It reduces the need for oxygen, It increases muscle strength, It improves communication between cells, It can disturb the heart’s electrical activity and trigger arrhythmias

Healthy Cellular Function & Hypoxia

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