Locke, Enlightenment thinker, proposed ideas about natural rights, the consent of the governed, and the social contract, natural rights, the rights a person has by virtue of birth, similar to unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness), social contract, the people give up some freedoms and follow the rules in exchange for the government to protect their rights, consent of governed, government's right to use power comes from the people, Montesquieu, Enlightenment thinker, proposed that gov't should be divided into three branches to prevent tyranny, separation of powers, power is divided among three branches to protect liberty and prevent tyranny, checks and balances, authority of each branch to restrict or limit the power of other branches to prevent tyranny, rule of law, no one is above or outside the law, even those who lead, direct democracy, Ancient Greece, every citizen voted directly on each issue, republic, Also known as a representative or indirect democracy.

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