Hadis, Payg‘ambar (s.a.v.) ning so‘zlari, amallari va tasdiqlari. Qur’onni amaliy jihatdan tushuntiruvchi ikkinchi asosiy manba hisoblanadi., Hasan hadis, Ishonchlilik darajasi yaxshi, lekin sahih hadisdan biroz pastroq darajadagi hadis., Mavzu’ hadis, To‘qib chiqarilgan (soxta) hadis bo‘lib, diniy manba sifatida qabul qilinmaydi., Fiqh, Islom dinining amaliy hukmlarini o‘rganadigan ilm. Ibodat va muomalalarni tartibga soladi., Xorijiya, Islom tarixida paydo bo‘lgan oqim bo‘lib, katta gunoh qilgan musulmonni kofir deb hisoblagan qat’iy yo‘nalish., Mu’taziliya, Aqlni ustun qo‘ygan oqim bo‘lib, inson erkin irodasi va Alloh adolatini ta’kidlaydi., Qarmatiya, Ismoiliy yo‘nalishdan ajralib chiqqan radikal oqim bo‘lib, tarixda keskin siyosiy harakatlari bilan tanilgan., Matn (hadis matni), Hadisning mazmun qismi, ya’ni Payg‘ambar (s.a.v.) aytgan asl so‘zlar., Sunniylik, Islomdagi eng katta yo‘nalish bo‘lib, Muhammad (s.a.v.) ning sunnatiga amal qiladi. Rahbarlik jamiyat kelishuvi asosida belgilanadi., Shialik, Islomdagi yo‘nalish bo‘lib, Ali ibn Abi Talib va uning avlodlarini imom sifatida tan oladi. Imomat (rahbarlik) muhim aqidaviy masala hisoblanadi..
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