Gene Pool, The total collection of all alleles present in a population, Alleles, Different versions of the same gene, Gene, A section of DNA that codes for a particular trait or protein, Fitness, An organism’s ability to survive and successfully reproduce in its environment, Natural Selection, Process where individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more often, causing the alleles for those traits to become more frequent over time., Sexual Selection, Type of selection where traits that improve mating success become more common in a population., Gene Flow, Movement of alleles between populations through migration., Genetic Drift, Random changes in allele frequencies within a population, usually having a larger effect in small populations., Bottleneck Event, Sudden reduction in population size that decreases genetic diversity because only a small number of individuals survive., Founders Effect, A reduction in genetic diversity that occurs when a small group separates from a larger population and starts a new population., Mutation, A random change in the DNA sequence that can create completely new alleles., Genetic Diversity, The variety of alleles and genetic information within a population., Allele Frequency, The proportion of a specific allele within a population’s gene pool., Fixed Allele, An allele that is the only version of a gene present in a population because all individuals carry that allele., Species, A group of interbreeding organisms that can produce fertile offspring, Speciation, Process of a population dividing into two reproductively isolated groups and accumulating genetic differences until they can no longer produce fertile offspring together, Allopatric Speciation, Formation of new species when a population is split by a geographical barrier, Sympatric Speciation, Formation of new species when a population is split by a non-geographical barrier.

Speciation - Evolution Processes

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