The process by which populations change genetically over time in response to their environment, Evolution, Is based on interactions between populations and their environment, Evolutionary change, _____ evolve over time NOT __________, Populations, individuals, Jean Baptiste Lamark theory of evolution:, Similar species descended from a common ancesto Organisms loose certain traits during their lifetimesThe traits get passed onto offspring,Leading to change in species, Erasmus believed that, All life came one common ancestor, He based his claim on his observation of, Vestigial structures, What other 2 things did he do, Collected many plant and animal specimens , Observed significant variation among plants/animals and patterns to their geographic distribution, What did Charles Darwin observe at the Galapagos Islands, Differences in species,varied beak shapes in South America, What did Darwin hypothesize?, The islands were colonized by birdst that strayed from the mainland, Charles Darwin #1 observation, Organisms produce more offspring that can survive to adulthood, Observation #2, Genetic variation- individuals are not identical there is a varation in their physical charecteristics, Observation #3, Struggle to survive- limited resources, What is adaption, Any inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of survival, What was Darwins theory of evolution, Natural selection was the mechanism by which populations evolved, What evidence shows organisms changed over time?, Fossil record,Comparative anatomy ,Development biology ,Biogeographical pattern ,Molecular biology, An ancestor that 2 or more descendants have in common, Common ancestor, Preserved remains of ancient organisms, fossils, Structures that have similar function but originated independently in different groups, Analogous structures, Structures that have different functions between organisms but have similar features, homologous structures, batwings , analogous, human leg, homologous, describes how a single species changes into many diverse forms (speciation) in a short time to exploit environmental resources in different ways., Adaptive radiation, Genes that determine the body plan in all animals, hox genes, Individuals that are able to mate and produce fertile offspring, species, describes the phenomena of separate species evolving similar features as they adapt to similar environments., Convergent Evolution, describes organisms that have evolved together., coevolution, Any change in the DNA sequence, Mutations, Meiosis crossing over, Genetic shuffling, The movement of genes or alleles from one population into another., Gene flow.

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