a polite request, Would you mind helping me with this?, refusal / failure, The car wouldn’t start., a desired change in behavior, I wish you would stop interrupting me., a logical assumption about the present, The guy on the phone had a Southern accent. - That would be Tom., a polite expression of a wish or desire, I’d like to leave now., polite preference, I’d prefer to go by train., asking about a possible reason while showing that the action seems strange or hard to understand, Why would anyone do such a thing?, a logical assumption about the past, That would have been John who called earlier., past habits, My son would shout and tell him off, but then he'd burst into tears and his mother would comfort him - so totally mixed messages., the past form of 'will', I knew it would come to no good, but you can't really interfere, can you?, advice, Well, he should obviously be punished, but after that I'd still give him another chance rather than exclude him permanently., being more cautious with your opinion, speculation, prediction, It helped, he was in remarkably good health for someone of his age and although he's a little frail now, I'd expect him to make a complete recovery., the third conditional, I probably would've stayed with him if he'd apologized, but he's too proud., the second conditional, If I had more free time, I would travel to a new country every month.

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