Which of the following is the main component responsible for septic shock in Enterobacteriaceae?, Pili proteins, Capsule polysaccharide, Peptidoglycan fragments, Lipopolysaccharide, The O antigen in Enterobacteriaceae refers to:, Capsular antigen, Somatic cell wall antigen, Exotoxin component, Flagellar antigen, Among Enterobacteriaceae, H antigen is present only:, Flagellated species, Capsule-producing species, Non-motile species, Spore-forming species, A hospitalized patient with "currant jelly sputum" is most likely infected with:, Escherichia coli, Yersinia pestis, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, The genus Klebsiella was named after:, Edwin Klebs, Gustav Hauser, Robert Koch, Alexandre Yersin, Klebsiella is best known for being:, Swarming on agar, Oxidase positive, Non-motile and capsulated, Motile and spore-forming, Which patient group is most at risk for Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia?, Healthy adolescents with daily coffee drinking, Alcoholics and diabetics, Patients with viral hepatitis, Young children in daycare, In Klebsiella pneumonia, the characteristic sputum is:, Rust-colored, Frothy and yellow, Purulent green, Currant jelly-like, Klebsiella pneumoniae can be identified in the lab by:, Swarming motility, Bipolar staining, Urease positivity, H2S positivity, Which of the following is a hallmark of Proteus on culture plates?, Currant jelly colonies, Bipolar appearance, Mucoid colonies, Swarming motility, Proteus infections are commonly associated with:, TB-like lesions, Struvite stones, Plague outbreaks, Bacterial meningitis, On MacConkey agar, Proteus appears as:, Non-lactose fermenter, Lactose fermenter, Bipolar safety-pin, Black colonies, A catheterized patient develops fever and alkaline urine. Which enzyme produced by Proteus is responsible?, Urease, Hemolysin, Catalase, Oxidase, The plague pathogen is:, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Klebsiella pestis, Yersinia pestis, Which transmission route is typical for bubonic plague?, Person-to-person sexual contact, Contaminated food, Flea bites from infected rodents, Inhalation of aerosols, The clinical hallmark of bubonic plague is:, Currant jelly sputum, Buboes (painful swollen lymph nodes), Bloody diarrhea, Hemoptysis, Yersinia pestis appears in microscopy with:, Swarming motility, Capsule visible by Quellung, Pink lactose-fermenting colonies, Safety-pin bipolar staining, What is parasitology?, The study of parasites, their hosts, and their relationships, The study of viruses and vectors, The study of bacteria and fungi, The study of animal physiology, Which of the following best defines a parasite?, An organism that lives independently from others, A microorganism causing viral infections, An organism that benefits while harming its host, A non-living infectious particle, Which of the following is a protozoan parasite?, Taenia saginata, Plasmodium falciparum, Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mekongi, Which parasite causes ascariasis?, Giardia lamblia, Ascaris lumbricoides, Plasmodium vivax, Entamoeba histolytica, The transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides occurs mainly through:, Blood transfusion, Mosquito bite, Fecal-oral route via contaminated soil, Skin penetration, Which of the following pairs is correct?, Taenia saginata – waterborne, Schistosoma mekongi – ingestion of raw meat, Entamoeba histolytica – inhalation, Plasmodium spp. – mosquito bite, Schistosoma mekongi infection occurs mainly through:, Skin contact with infested water, Drinking contaminated water, Mosquito bite, Eating unwashed vegetables, Ectoparasites are characterized by:, Living inside the host’s body, Having no vector role, Living on the surface of the host, Requiring multiple hosts to complete life cycle, Which of the following is an example of an arthropod vector?, Mosquito, Ascaris, Taenia, Hookworm, Plasmodium vivax is transmitted by which vector?, Flea, Aedes mosquito, Anopheles mosquito, Tsetse fly, Which of the following is a nematode (roundworm)?, Entamoeba histolytica, Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mekongi, Taenia saginata, The definitive host is defined as:, Host that carries larval stage, Host that provides temporary shelter, Host transmitting the infection, Host where parasite reproduces sexually, The main cause of malaria in Cambodia is:, Plasmodium falciparum, Giardia lamblia, Wuchereria bancrofti, Entamoeba histolytica, In Cambodia, filariasis is transmitted by:, Fleas, Lice, Mosquitoes, Ticks, Which is NOT a mode of transmission of parasitic infections?, Inhalation, Magnetic radiation, Direct contact, Ingestion, The most common diagnostic method for intestinal parasites is:, Chest X-ray, MRI, ECG, Stool microscopy, Which of the following measures is primary prevention against Ascaris infection?, Health education and sanitation improvement, Deworming every six months, Nutritional rehabilitation, Stool examination, What is the main effect of parasitic infection on the host?, Nutritional depletion and tissue damage, Improved immunity, Increased metabolism, Muscle hypertrophy, Which parasite is transmitted via contaminated water and causes diarrhea?, Schistosoma mekongi, Taenia saginata, Wuchereria bancrofti, Giardia lamblia, Which statement best describes the Cambodian context of parasitic diseases?, Found only among travelers, Rare due to high socioeconomic status, Common due to tropical climate and poor sanitation, Mostly eradicated due to urbanization, Which of the following best defines Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES)?, Eosinophilia due to allergic rhinitis, Persistent eosinophil count >1,500/μL with organ damage, Elevated WBC count due to bacterial infection, Any eosinophil count above 500/μL, Which parasitic infection is most commonly associated with hypereosinophilia in Cambodia?, Entamoeba histolytica, Schistosoma japonicum, Plasmodium falciparum, Giardia lamblia, What is the main immune mechanism responsible for eosinophilia in parasitic infections?, IL-5 stimulation, Increased IgM, T-cell suppression, Complement activation, In Hypereosinophilic Syndrome, which organ is most at risk of life-threatening damage?, Skin, Heart, Kidney, Eyes, Which investigation helps confirm a parasitic cause of HES?, ECG, Serum creatinine, Stool ova exam, Chest percussion, A 27-year-old Cambodian farmer presents with fever, hepatomegaly, and eosinophil count of 4,800/µL. Stool exam shows Schistosoma eggs. What type of HES is this?, Familial, Primary (clonal), Idiopathic, Secondary, Which cytokine primarily drives eosinophil overproduction in parasitic infections?, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-1, IFN-γ, Which of the following is the most likely non-parasitic cause of secondary eosinophilia?, Ascaris lumbricoides infection, Schistosoma mekongi infection, Allergic rhinitis, Strongyloides stercoralis infection, In endemic settings like Cambodia, what is the public-health importance of identifying eosinophilia early?, To promote antibiotic use in communities, To detect viral epidemics early, To prevent transmission of bacterial diseases, To control parasitic infections and prevent chronic organ damage, A patient with chronic eosinophilia after river exposure in Kratie Province most likely has which infection?, Schistosoma mekongi, Giardia lamblia, Trichinella spiralis, Hypereosinophilia is defined as:, > 500 cells/µL twice, > 500 cells/µL once, > 5,000 cells/µL once, > 1,500 cells/µL on ≥ 2 occasions, What is the normal eosinophil count in peripheral blood?, < 500 cells/µL, < 100 cells/µL, < 5,000 cells/µL, < 1,500 cells/µL, Which parasitic group is most commonly associated with eosinophilia?, Protozoa, Nematodes, Viruses, Cestodes, A Cambodian patient living near the Mekong River develops marked eosinophilia. The likely infection is:, Malaria, Amebiasis, Schistosomiasis japonicum, Giardiasis, Which test confirms presence of parasitic infection in eosinophilia?, CBC, Liver enzymes, ECG, Stool Ova & Parasite exam, First step in evaluating suspected parasitic HES:, Detailed travel and exposure history, CT scan, Biopsy, Bone-marrow exam, First-line therapy for parasitic HES:, Antibiotics, Immunotherapy, Chemotherapy, Anti-parasitic agents, When organ damage is present, adjunctive treatment should include:, Antihypertensives, Corticosteroids, Antihistamines, Paracetamol, Which statement about HES types is correct?, Primary HES is due to parasitic infection, Idiopathic HES is always malignant, Secondary HES is reactive to infection or allergy, Clonal HES is always caused by drugs, What is Mycology?, The study of viruses, The study of parasites, The study of fungi, The study of bacteria, Which of the following best describes yeasts?, Intracellular organisms, Multicellular hyphae, Unicellular budding fungi, Spore-forming molds, The main component of the fungal cell wall is:, Mycolic acid, Lipopolysaccharide, Peptidoglycan, Chitin, Candida albicans can form pseudohyphae because:, Buds elongate attached, It grows only 37°C, It reproduces sexually, It forms septate hyphae, Fungi that grow as molds at 25°C and as yeasts at 37°C are called:, Saprophytic, Dimorphic, Opportunistic, Thermophilic, Which of the following is NOT a component of the fungal cell wall?, Mannoprotein, Glucans, Peptidoglycan, Chitin, Cryptococcus neoformans causes meningitis primarily in:, Children, HIV/AIDS patients, Healthy adults, Diabetics, India ink stain is used to identify:, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Mucor spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Which fungal infection is associated with pigeon droppings?, Cryptococcosis, Aspergillosis, Mucormycosis, Histoplasmosis, Fungal infections limited to skin, hair, or nails are called:, Opportunistic mycoses, Subcutaneous mycoses, Cutaneous mycoses, Systemic mycoses, Which stain is best for detecting fungi in histopathology?, Acid-fast stain, PAS or GMS stain, Gram stain, Ziehl-Neelsen stain, The asexual reproductive form of fungi is known as:, Anamorph, Basidiospore, Teleomorph, Zygospore, Mucor and Rhizopus typically infect which group?, Children, Travelers, Healthy individuals, Diabetics in ketoacidosis, Which is NOT a true antifungal mechanism?, Binding ergosterol, Blocking peptidoglycan synthesis, Inhibiting β-glucan synthesis, Inhibiting ergosterol synthesis, The fungal cell membrane contains which sterol?, Cholesterol, Lanosterol, Ergosterol, Sitosterol, Yeasts reproduce primarily by:, Budding, Fragmentation, Spore fusion, Binary fission, The fungus that causes meningitis in HIV/AIDS patients is:, Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor spp., Candida tropicalis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Which statement best describes fungi?, Contain chlorophyll, Prokaryotic organisms, Eukaryotic organisms, Do not have nuclei, What is the branch of microbiology that studies fungi?, Virology, Parasitology, Mycology, Bacteriology, Which preventive measure is most important to reduce fungal infections?, Daily antifungal prophylaxis, Control of diabetes and immunosuppression, Avoiding contact with water, High-protein diet, Quel est le phylum des nématodes ?, Nematoda, Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Arthropoda, Quelle est la forme caractéristique du corps des nématodes ?, En spirale, Segmentée, Plate, Cylindrique non segmentée, Quel nématode intestinal est responsable de l'ascaridiose ?, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Quel est le mode principal de transmission de l'ascaridiose ?, Piqûre de moustique, Contact cutané, Transmission sexuelle, Ingestion d'œufs embryonnés, Quel nématode est la cause principale de l'oxyurose ?, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, Quel symptôme est typique de l'infection par Enterobius vermicularis ?, Prurit anal vespéral, Ascite, Fièvre élevée, Diarrhée sévère, Quel test est principalement utilisé pour diagnostiquer l'oxyurose ?, Biopsie intestinale, Sérologie, Test de Graham (adhésif sur marge anale), Examen des selles par coloration, Quelle est la principale caractéristique des œufs d'Ascaris lumbricoides ?, Ovalaire asymétrique et lisse, Ovoïdes avec coque brunâtre mamelonnée, Transparente sans coque, Asymétriques et lisses, Où vivent principalement les nématodes filaires ?, Foie, Poumons, Vaisseaux lymphatiques et tissus sous-cutanés, Intestin grêle, Quel insecte transmet Wuchereria bancrofti ?, Puce, Papillon, Tique, Moustique, Quelle maladie est provoquée par Onchocerca volvulus ?, Cécité des rivières (Onchocercose), Dracunculose, Ankylostomose, Filariose lymphatique, Quelle est la caractéristique principale de la larve de Strongyloides stercoralis chez l'homme ?, Cycle uniquement externe, Seules les femelles parthénogénétiques adultes sont présentes, Larves incapables de pénétrer la peau, Seulement mâles adultes présents, Quelle molécule est recommandée en dose unique pour le traitement de l'ascaridiose ?, Albendazole 400 mg, Pamoate de pyrantel, Mébendazole 400 mg, Diéthylcarbamazine, Quelle est la principale voie de contamination de l'ankylostomose (anguillulose) ?, Ingestion d'eau contaminée, Piqûre d'insecte, Marche pieds nus sur sol contaminé, Contact sexuel, Quelle est la période pendant laquelle la recherche des microfilaires doit être effectuée pour Wuchereria bancrofti ?, Le matin, À midi, En soirée, De nuit, Quel est le rôle principal des crustacés du genre Cyclops dans la dracunculose ?, Hôte intermédiaire, Vecteur par piqûre, Hôte secondaire, Hôte définitif, Quelle est la complication majeure de la filariose lymphatique ?, Kystes ovariens, Ulcères cutanés, Éléphantiasis, Anémie sévère, Quel est le principal symptôme clinique du passage de Loa loa sous la conjonctive ?, Diarrhée, Photophobie et œdème péri-orbitaire, Toux sèche, Douleur articulaire, Quel traitement est indiqué pour la filariose à Loa loa, en prenant en compte l'hyperinfestation ?, Albendazole seule, Ivermectine seule, Pamoate de pyrantel, Diéthylcarbamazine (DEC), Quelle technique est la meilleure pour détecter les microfilaires d’onchocercose ?, Biopsie cutanée (scarification), Test sanguin en journée, Test de Graham, Radiographie

Enterobacteriaceae MCQs

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