A swelling or growth with broad base is referred to as :, Papillomatous lesion,  Pedunculated lesion,  Pleomorphic lesion,  Sessile lesion,  Nodular lesion, Gingival swelling in leukemia is due to :, Inflammatory edema,  Poor oral hygiene,  Proliferation of blood vessels,  Infiltration of leukemic cells into gingival tissues,  Infiltration of microorganisms into gingival tissues, Multiple white nodular elevation with a central red dot on the posterior part of palate represent :, Trush,  Focal keratosis,  papillary hyperplasia,  Nicotine stomatitis,  Multiple warts, Leukoedema can be differentiated clinically from leukoplakia when it :, Disappears while stretching the mucosa,  Is bilateral in nature,  Is milky white in appearance,  All of the above, The most common cause of keratosis is:, Physical trauma,  Tobacco use,  Genetic abnormalities,  Mucocutaneous disease,  Inflammatory reaction, differential diagnosis of leukoedema includes the following except :, Leukoplakia,  Cheek biting,  White sponge nevus,  Aspirine burn,  Linea alba buccalis, Which of the following is true regarding sublingual keratosis:, It has a high rate of malignant transformation,  The homogenous type is not considered as a high risk lesion,  The homogenous type mixed with red component is only considered as high risk lesion,  Small lesion can be left alone and managed by periodic check up, Erythroplakic lesion ,on histological examination may show:, Moderate to severe dysplasia,  Severe dyplasia,  Carcinoma in situ,  Squamous cell carcinoma,  Any of the above, Histologically carcinoma in situ may show:, Mild to moderate dysplasia,  Mild to severe dysplasia,  Presence of a few epithelial change in the connective tissue,  Top to bottom change in the epithelium,  None of the above, Topical steroid is a drug of choice in the management of the following conditions except :, Mucous membrane pemphigoid,  Major aphthous ulcer,  Cold sore,  Pemphigus vulgaris,  Erosive lichen planus, The following condition may be associated with iron deficiency anemia except :, Burning mouth syndrome,  Angular cheilitis,  Xerostomia,  Multiple myeloma,  Atrophic glossitis, Nikolsky sign is seen in :, Pemphigus,  Lichen planus,  Erytheme multiform,  Discoid lupus erythematosus,  Nicotine stomatitis, The patient presents with a white lesion on the floor of the mouth of 6 months durati, The next procedure is :,  Take an exfoliative cytologic smear,  Keep the patient under observation,  Biopsy the lesion,  Treat the lesion with topical steroid,  Antibiotherapy, Which of the following is incorrect regarding thrush, Is seen is AIDS patient,  Responds to nystatin,  Can affect any age group,  Is caused by candida albican,  Is an opportunistic infection, Chemical burn can generally be differentiated from keratotic lesions by:, The exfoliative cytology,  A thorough clinical examination,  \An incisional biopsy,  \An adequate history, Acute infections are characterized by the following except :, Swelling,  Pain,  Redness,  High fever,  Insidious onset, Lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous disease which manifests in the oral cavity as :, Multiple discrete papules,  Bullous lesions,  White radiating lines,  Target like lesion,  Milky lesion, Characteristic features of acute bacterial sialadenitis include the following except:, Tenderness and swelling of the affected gland,  Pus exuding from the salivary duct,  Sialorrhea,  Cervical lymph node enlargement and leukocytosis,  Xerostomia, The most common white lesion seen in healthy adult male is :, Nicotine stomatitis,  Leukolpakia,  Linea alba buccalis,  Thrush,  Frictional keratosis, Human papilloma virus HPV can cause the following except:, Condyloma accuminatum,  Verruca vulgaris,  Papilloma,  Focal epithelial hyperplasia,  Erytheme multiform, Which is usually found when a systemic infection is present, Regional lymph node,  Fever,  Cellulitis,  Anorexia,  Asthenia, Which is the LEAST likely to cause Xerostomia, Sjogren’s syndrome,  Emotional reaction,  Antidepressants drugs,  Submandibular sialolith, Oral mucosa and skin pigmentation occurs in patient with**, Diabetes mellitus,  Addison’s disease,  Multiple myeloma,  Squamous cell carcinoma,  Cushing’s disease, Patient who has WBC count of just over 100,000 is most, likely suffering from**,  Leucopoenia,  Leukaemia,  Polycythemia,  Thrombo cytopenic purpura,  Anemia, Disorder of steroid will result in, Adrenal suppression,  Delayed healing,  Osteoporosis,  All of the above, Which of the following steroids can product Cushing's syndrome?, Estradiol,  Testosterone,  Prednisolone,  Progesterone,  Diethylstilbestrol, Which articular disease most often accompanies Sjögren’s syndrome?, Suppurative arthritis,  Rheumatoid arthritis,  Degenerative arthrosis,  Psoriatic arthritis,  Lupus arthritis, Cell rests of Malassez are thought to originate from, stellate reticulum,  dental papilla,  Hertwig's root sheath,  stratum intermedium, Periapical odontogenic cysts are associated with, impacted wisdom teeth,  congenitally missing teeth,  non-vital teeth,  a history of traumatic injury,  Impacted maxillary canine, Condensing osteitis in the periapical region is indicative of aan, acute inflammation of the pulp,  pulpal abscess,  chronic inflammation of the pulp,  early apical abscess formation,  None of the above, Which of the following is NOT characteristic of periodontitis?, Hypertrophy,  Pocket formation without exudation,  Destruction of the periodontal ligament,  Alveolar bone resorption,  Tooth mobility, The lesion most frequently associated with an ill-fitting denture flange is, stomatitis,  lichen planus,  epulis fissuratum,  angular cheilosis, A decrease in the neutrophil count is present in, granulocytopenia (agranulocytosis),  iron deficiency anemia,  myeloid leukemia,  leukocytosis,  thrombocytopenic purpura, The primordial cyst probably results from, cystic degeneration of the stellate reticulum early in the formation of the tooth,  epithelial remnants in the periodontal ligament,  an extension of pulpal inflammation after death of the pulp,  failure of formation of the enamel matrix,  the dental lamina, The radiographic image of the incisive foramen is located between the roots of the maxillary, incisors above their apices,  central and lateral incisors below their apices,  central incisors below their apices,  central and lateral incisors above their apices, The term applied to a high white blood cell count is, leukocytosis,  leukopenia,  thrombocythemia,  thrombocytopenia,  Leukemia, Postoperative bleeding in thrombocytopenic purpura is due to a deficiency of, vitamin C,  vitamin K,  prothrombin,  platelets,  Red blood cells, An abnormal decrease in the flow of saliva is associated with, ptyalism,  sialomentaplasia,  xerostomia,  pyroglossia,  None of the above, A patient wearing complete dentures complaints of tingling and numbness in the lower lip bilaterally This is often an indication of, allergy to denture base material,  impingement of denture on mandibular nerve,  defective occlusal contacts,  impingement of denture upon mental nerve,  neoplastic invasion of the inferior mandibular nerve, The most serious complication of a therapeutic dose of radiation to the mandible is, skin erythema,  osteoradionecrosis,  obliterating endarteritis,  loss of hair,  hyperpigmentation of skin, Occasionally, mucous glands are seen in the epithelial lining of a dental cyst Which of the following terms best designates this state?, Anaplasia,  Metaplasia (Abnormal change in the nature of the tissue ),  Dysplasia, Neoplasia,  Hyperplasia, Fordyce's granules are, ectopic sebaceous glands,  ectopic sweat glands,  small calcified nodules,  aberrant mucous glands, A 50 year old woman has a history of rheumatoid arthritis, bilateral enlargement of one or more salivary glands and lacrimal glands, as well as dryness of the eyes, nose, mouth and throat The diagnosis is, erythema multiforme,  Reiter's syndrome,  Gardner's syndrome,  Sjögren's syndrome,  Plummer-Vinson syndrome, A patient has an asymptomatic, white patch on the oral mucosa Which of the following methods of examination is most likely to lead to a diagnosis?, Biopsy,  Culture,  Exfoliative cytology,  Application of methylene blue,  Serology, Radiographically, a primordial cyst will show, mixed radiolucency and radiopacity,  a radiolucency around the crown of an impacted tooth,  a radiolucency containing multiple rudimentary teeth,  a radiolucency,  None of the above, Papillary hyperplasia under a denture is usually due to (an), Candida albican,  ill fitting denture,  allergy to denture material,  avitaminosis,  Bacterial infection, A hemorrhagic bone cyst (traumatic cyst) is a radiolucency most frequently seen, in the mandibular ramus, posteriorly to the maxillary molars,  from the symphysis to the ramus of the mandible,  in the maxillary premolar area,  None of the above, Ocular lesions are associated with, lichen planus,  herpangina,  necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis,  leukoplakia,  cicatricial pemphigoid, Which of the following is caused by a specific microorganism?, Geographic tongue,  Candidiasis,  Median rhomboid glossitis,  Granuloma pyogenicum,  None of the above, Difficulty in mouth opening, dysphagia, tongue stiffness and generalized induration of the skin are characteristic of, lupus erythematosus,  scleroderma,  erythema multiforme,  lichen planus,  malignant disease, The most likely complication following surgery for a patient with thrombocytopenic purpura would be, angina,  hemorrhage,  "dry socket",  delayed healing,  infection, A child on antibiotic therapy would be more likely to develop which of the following diseases?, Herpangina,  Pemphigus,  Moniliasis,  Herpetic gingivostomatitis, Lichen planus, A positive Nikolsky's sign is a diagnostic feature of, lichen planus,  erythema multiforme,  pemphigus,  chronic marginal gingivitis,  lupus erythematosus, Which of the muscles of mastication is associated with the condylar head and the articular disc?, Masseter,  Temporalis,  Internal pterygoid,  External pterygoid, A patient complains of dull, constant pain in his jaws upon awakening You would suspect, acute pulpitis,  sinusitis,  bruxism,  chronic gingivitis, Geographic tongue is characterized by, congenital deformity of tissue,  atrophic filiform papillae,  association with scrotal tongue,  predominance in elderly patients,  atrophic foliate papillae, Occlusal (night) guards are used to, treat bruxism,  reduce pocket formation,  prevent pulpitis,  permit eruption or elongation of teeth,  prevent tooth erosion, A patient with bruxism is likely to demonstrate, radiographic evidence of the widening of the periodontal ligament,  increased mobility of teeth,  premature wear of occlusal surfaces,  TMJ discomfort, All of the above, Abrasion is most commonly seen on the, lingual surface of posterior teeth,  occlusal surface of posterior teeth,  incisal edges,  facial surfaces of teeth, The prolonged use of antibacterial lozenges or mouthwashes contributes to the development of, oral candidiasis,  geographic tongue,  fissured tongue,  Koplik's spots,  aphthous ulcers, A lowering of serum calcium is the stimulus for the endogenous release of, thyroid hormone,  adrenocortical hormone,  insulin,  parathyroid hormone,  adrenalin, Enlargement of the thyroid gland can be caused by, insufficient fluoride,  excess iodine,  insufficient iodine,  excess calcium,  excess sodium, Which of the following has the highest rate of recurrence?, Odontogenic keratocyst,  Nasoalveolar cyst,  Median palatal cyst,  Incisive canal cyst,  Radicular cyst, Which of the following lesions has a tendency to bleed easily?, Pyogenic granuloma,  Osteoma,  Fibroma, Papilloma,  Lipoma, The cell concerned with antibody production is called, polymorphonuclear leukocyte,  mast cell,  plasma cell,  macrophage,  megakaryocyte, Which of the following is a complication of prolonged systemic corticosteroid treatment?, Oral candidiasis,  Xerostomia,  Aphthous stomatitis,  Anorexia,  Gingival hyperplasia, Acanthosis is a thickening of the following layer, granular layer,  stratum corneum,  basal cell layer,  prickle cell layer, Koilonychia is, bifid uvula,  auricular tags,  ankyloglossia,  mulberry molars,  spoon-shaped (concave) nails, Oral leukoplakia has the most favorable prognosis when it is, present in a non-smoker,  accompanied by pain,  infected with Candida albicans,  speckled in appearance,  on the hard palate, Which muscle defines the floor of the mouth?, Stylohyoid,  Digastric,  Geniohyoid, Mylohyoid,  Platysma, Soft, white, elevated plaques of the oral mucosa are characteristic of, angioma,  candidosis (candidiasis),  actinomycosis,  herpes simplex,  submucous fibrosis, Which of the following mucosae is normally keratinized?, Soft palate,  Hard palate,  Lateral tongue,  Ventral tongue,  Free gingiva, Which of the following is the most powerful jaw-closing muscle?, Temporalis,  Lateral pterygoid,  Masseter,  Medial pterygoid, Which of the following is NOT suggestive of a diagnosis of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)?, Bleeding from the gingiva,  “Punched-out” papillae with necrotic slough,  Bad breath,  Metallic taste,  Periodontal pocketing, Adrenal corticosteroids, increase heart rate,  cause vasodilation,  increase protein synthesis,  reduce inflammation, The characteristic oral lesion(s) of pemphigus isare, vesicles and bullae,  Fordyce's granules,  white plaques, hairy tongue,  candidiasis (candidosis), Which of the following is NOT characteristic of acute leukemia?, Gingival enlargement,  Decreased bleeding time,  Elevated leukocyte count,  Anemia,  Thrombocytopenia, Which one of the following types of pain is most likely to be, associated with TMJ disorders,  Exacerbated pain by hot or cold food,  Keeps patient awake at night,  Associated with muscle tenderness,  Associated with trigger spots related to the trigeminal nerve, What controls the occlusion**, Teeth,  Receptors in periodontal membrane,  Neuromuscular receptors,  TMJ,  All of the above, What is the typical feature of Lichen planus**, Smooth rete pegs,  Band of lymphocytes inflammation and hyper parakeratosis,  Immunofluorescence of liquefied layer,  White line on the occlusion plane,  Red and white granulations, The following are sign and symptom in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Except for:, Fragility of the skin and blood vessels,,  Hyperlaxity of the joints,,  Xerostomia,  Hyperelasticity of the skin,,  Delay wound healing, Radiography is used to detect the following conditions EXCEPT for:, impacted teeth,  Retained root tips, Benign migratory glossitis,  Rarefying osteitis,  Cystsradiolucentradiopaque lesions, The following are the indications for biopsy EXCEPT for :, Any lesion that persists for more than 2 weeks with no apparent etiology,  Any inflammatory lesion that does not respond to local treatment after 10-14 days,  Persistent hyperkeratotic changes in surface tissues,  Any lesion that regress after removal its cause,  Lesions that interfere with local function (egfibroma), The diagnosis of a 15cm white patch after incisional biopsy is severe epithelial dysplasia The most appropriate management is :, Radiotherapy,  Repeat biopsy,  Complete excision,  Observation,  All of the above, A 2cm discrete, white lesion of the buccal mucosa has not result after elimination of all local irritations The most appropriate management would be to:, Cauterize it,  Apply toluidine blue staining,  Perform an incisional biopsy,  Refer patient to family physician,  Re-examine at 6 month interval, The redness of inflamed gingiva is due to:, The degree of keratinization,  Subgingiva deposit,  Increase vasodilatation,  Increase collagen fiber density,  All of the above, Tooth grinding ( bruxism)is due to :, Premature contact in the retruded centric position,  Balancing prematurities in non working,  Stress,  All of the above, An increased heart rate may be associated with, prolonged corticosteroid therapy,  hyperthyroidism,  hypothyroidism,  Down syndrome, Hypochromic anemia is associated with, vitamin B12 deficiency,  iron deficiency,  aminopyrine therapy,  folic acid deficiency, A patient with multiple small bruises (purpura) most likely has a low count of T-cells, platelets,  lymphocytes,  eosinophils,  erythrocyte, A clenching habit may be a factor in, suprabony periodontal pocket formation,  marginal gingivitis,  increased tooth mobility,  generalized recession, Exophthalmia may be a sign of, yperadrenalism,  hyperthyroidism,  hypoadrenalism,  hypoparathoidism,  hypothyroidism, A horizontal streak on the buccal mucosa at the level of the occlusal plane extending from the commissure to the posterior teeth IS CALLED, lichen planus,  leukoplakia,  linea alba buccalis,  Verruca Vulgaris,  Nicotine Stomatitis, Odontogenic cyst develop from the following structures except, Reduced enamel epithelium of tooth crown, remnants of dental lamina epithelium entrapped within the gingiva,  Epithelium trapped after sutures of maxillary processes,  Hertwig’s root sheath, Granulation tissue which extends coronally from the pulp of a carious tooth is known as, epulis granulomatosum,  a pulp polyp,  a pyogenic granuloma,  a fibroma,  a papilloma, Which of the following is the most common form of internal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) derangement?, Osteoarthritis of the TMJ,  Anterior misalignment,  Secondary degenerative arthritis,  Capsulitis, If at some point in the joint’s excursion, the disk returns to the head of the condyle, the derangement is said to be with reduction In what proportion of the population does TMJ derangement with reduction occur?, One tenth,  One fourth,  One third,  One half, Diagnosis of TMJ disk derangement with reduction requires observation of the jaw when the mouth is opened Which of the following does the patient experience when the jaw is opened > 10 mm (measured between upper and lower incisors)?, Numbness,  Severe pain,  click or pop,  Tinnitus, When initial treatments of capsulitis due to disk derangement are unsuccessful, which of the following treatments is used?, Corticosteroids injected into the TMJ,  Splinting,  Muscle relaxation,  Jaw rest, A patient presents with small yellow spots, present bilaterally on buccal mucosa opposite to posterior teeth without any other associated complaint Most probable diagnosis of the condition is:, Koplik’s spot,  Fordyce’s granules,  Melanotic macule,  White sponge nevus

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